“…Many studies have demonstrated that downscaled systems of GdVO 4 exhibit multiple characteristics in the field of biomedical applications: photodynamic therapy, radiation therapy, drug delivery etc. (Teo et al, 2016;Belkina et al, 2016;Dong et al, 2015). There are many preparation methods that have been reported in the literature for obtaining GdVO 4 such us sol-gel (Chumha et al, 2014), edge-defined film-fed (EFG) (Epelbaum et al, 1998), Czochralski (Loiko et al, 2013), co-precipitation (Vosoughifar, 2017), hydrothermal (Szczeszak et al, 2014;Mahapatra & Ramanan, 2005), solvothermal (Liang et al, 2011).…”