The effect of glucagon antibodies on plasma glucose and insulin levels

Epand, Richard M.; Douglas, R. J.

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(73)90156-6

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A stimulating role of glucagon on insulin secretion at rest has previously been suggested (Epand and Douglas 1973;Samols, Marri and Marks 1965). Furthermore, in three dogs the concentration of glucagon and of insulin in plasma were higher and the glucose concentration lower during exercise with intact splanchnic nerves than during exercise after sectioning of the splanchnic nerves (Girardier, Seydoux, Berger and Viecsteinas 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Significance of Glucagon for Insulin Secretion and Hepatic Glycogenolysis during Exercise in Rats

Richter¹,

Galbo²,

Holst³

et al. 1981

Horm Metab Res

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The significance of glucagon and of the sympatho-adrenal system for insulin secretion and hepatic glycogen depletion during exercise was studied. Male rats were either adrenodemedullated and chemically sympathectomized with 6-hydroxydopamine (SX) or sham-treated (C). During light ether anesthesia, cardiac blood for glucose analysis and a biopsy of the liver were obtained, and either antigen-stripped glucagon antibodies (A) or control gamma globulins (N) in saline were injected through the cardiac cannula. Subsequently, the rats swam in tepid water (33-34 degree C) for 100 minutes with a tail weight attached (2% of body weight). Then cardiac blood was drawn for analysis of glucose, insulin and glucagon, and a sample of the liver was collected. In both CA and CN rats, the blood glucose concentration tended to increase (p less than 0.1) during exercise, whereas hepatic glycogen depletion and the plasma insulin concentration were lower in CA rats compared to CN rats. In SX rats, the blood glucose concentration did not increase during exercise, and in SXA but not in SXN rats, the hepatic glucogen depletion was lower than in CN rats. The plasma insulin concentration was consistently higher in SX rats than in C rats, and was significantly decreased by glucagon antibodies in SX as well as in C rats. In conclusion, in exercising rats, glucagon enhances hepatic glycogen depletion. Furthermore, glucagon and the sympatho-adrenal system increase and decrease, respectively, the plasma insulin concentration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Significance of Glucagon for Insulin Secretion and Hepatic Glycogenolysis during Exercise in Rats

Richter¹,

Galbo²,

Holst³

et al. 1981

Horm Metab Res

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“…Several attempts have been made to produce acute glucagon deficiency using glucagon antibodies [7][8][9][10]. The results have been equivocal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glucagon antibodies on plasma glucose, insulin and somatostatin in the fasting and fed rat

Tan

Tsiolakis

1985

Diabetologia

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A potent high-titre glucagon antibody pool was used to induce a state of acute glucagon deficiency in order to investigate the importance of glucagon in maintaining euglycaemia in the fed and fasted anaesthetised rat. Binding characteristics of the antiserum and evidence of its neutralisation of the biological effects of exogenous glucagon are described. The amount of antibody administered was capable of neutralising up to 12 times the total content of glucagon (approximately 1 nmol) in the rat pancreas. The hyperglycaemic response to 1.43 nmol exogenous glucagon was significantly inhibited in the rat by glucagon antibodies given intravenously or intraperitoneally (p less than 0.001). However, no changes in plasma glucose occurred in rats fasted 16 h (4.35 +/- 0.1 mmol/l or 24 h (4.0 +/- 0.05 mmol/l) after antibody administration. The same dose of glucagon antibodies produced no change in plasma glucose (6.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), immunoreactive insulin (1.85 +/- 0.05 microgram/l) or immunoreactive somatostatin (110 +/- 30 ng/l) in rats after antibody administration. Antibody excess, equivalent to a binding capacity for glucagon of 40 nmol/l in the plasma of recipient animals, was demonstrable at all times after passive immunisation. The absence of any affect on glucose concentrations following immunoneutralisation of glucagon suggests that glucagon secretion may not be a major factor in the maintenance of euglycaemia in the rat.

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“…The hyperlipidaemia of this disorder is associated with increased levels of triglyceride, phospholipids, and cholesterol (Howell et al, 1962), as well as glycerol (Ockerman, 1965 a and b). In view of the low insulin status of type I patients (Lockwood, Merimee, Edgar, Greene, Fujimoto, Seegmiller, and Howell, 1969), it is tempting to speculate that the low level of blood glucose, together with the expected high level of glucagon (see Epand and Douglas, 1973, and references therein), will stimulate the hormonesensitive lipase of adipocytes and cause fatty acid mobilization. On the other hand, the possible increased flux of glucose-6-phosphate through glycolysis and the pentose pathway may account for the increased synthesis of fat and cholesterol as evidenced in this disordcr by adiposity and xanthomas in the skin.…”

Section: Glycogen Storage Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycogen Storage Diseases

2004

Encyclopedia of Medical Genomics and Proteomics

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The effect of glucagon antibodies on plasma glucose and insulin levels

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Significance of Glucagon for Insulin Secretion and Hepatic Glycogenolysis during Exercise in Rats

Significance of Glucagon for Insulin Secretion and Hepatic Glycogenolysis during Exercise in Rats

Effect of glucagon antibodies on plasma glucose, insulin and somatostatin in the fasting and fed rat

Glycogen Storage Diseases

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