The effect of glucocorticoid therapy in the immune system of the horse

Flaminio, M. Julia B.F.; Tallmadge, Rebecca L.; Secor, Erica J.; Cavatorta, Derek J.; Matychak, Mary Beth; Gordon, Mary Beth; Raub, R.H.

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.10.284

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…To evaluate a possible alteration of the acquired immune system, we first studied the lymphocyte count at 0, 1, 6, and 11 months. In contrast with the transient lymphopenia observed in horses after a single systemic administration of corticosteroids, 12–14,36 no significant changes in lymphocyte counts were observed with fluticasone in the present study. Similar to our findings, no change in lymphocyte counts was observed in beclomethasone‐treated children 37 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…Neutrophil and monocyte counts remained within reference ranges at all time points and did not significantly vary over time in the fluticasone group. These results are in contrast with the transient peripheral blood neutrophilia observed after a single systemic administration of corticosteroids 12–14,36 . However, and in agreement with our findings, inhaled beclomethasone did not alter differential white cell count over a 22‐month treatment course in asthmatic children 37 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, systemic administration of corticosteroids to horses has been associated with several adverse effects, including adrenocortical suppression 2,3 and dysfunction, 4 laminitis, 5,6 hepatopathy, 6,7 muscle wasting, 7 altered bone metabolism, 8 and increased susceptibility to infection 9–11 . Systemic corticosteroids also have been shown to affect the equine immune system by inducing transient peripheral neutrophilia and lymphopenia, 12,13 changes in lymphocytes subpopulations and expression of activation markers, 14 as well as by decreasing the antibody response to vaccination 15 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Long‐Term Fluticasone Treatment on Immune Function in Horses with Heaves

Dauvillier

Felippe

Lunn

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Corticosteroids currently are the most effective pharmacological treatment available to control heaves in horses. Systemically administered corticosteroids have been shown to alter immune response in horses, humans, and other species. Aerosolized administration theoretically minimizes systemic adverse effects, but the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on immune function has not been evaluated in horses.Objectives: To evaluate the effects of prolonged administration of inhaled fluticasone on the immune system of heavesaffected horses.Animals: Heaves-affected horses were treated with inhaled fluticasone (n 5 5) for 11 months or received environmental modifications only (n 5 5).Methods: Prospective analysis. Clinical parameters and CBC, lymphocyte subpopulations and function, and circulating neutrophil gene expression were sequentially measured. Primary and anamnestic immune responses also were evaluated by measuring antigen-specific antibodies in response to vaccination with bovine viral antigen and tetanus toxoid, respectively.Results: No clinical adverse effects were observed and no differences in immune function were detected between treated and untreated horses.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The treatment of heaves-affected horses with inhaled fluticasone at therapeutic dosages for 11 months has no significant detectable effect on innate and adaptive (both humoral and cell-mediated) immune parameters studied. These results suggest that prolonged administration of fluticasone would not compromise the systemic immune response to pathogens nor vaccination in adult horses.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Long‐Term Fluticasone Treatment on Immune Function in Horses with Heaves

Dauvillier

Felippe

Lunn

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…220 Corticosteroids administered systemically to horses have been associated with some adverse effects (reviewed by Dauvillier et al 221 ) also observed with these drugs in human patients. On the immune system, they cause transient peripheral neutrophilia and lymphopenia, 222,223 alter the lymphocyte subpopulations and expression of activation markers, 224 and decrease the antibody response to vaccination. 225 On the contrary, when corticosteroids are administered by inhalation they have little systemic effects in horses with heaves, as shown by the absence of detectable clinical adverse effects or alteration of lymphocyte subpopulations and function, circulating neutrophil gene expression, and primary and anamnestic immune responses to vaccination after up to one year of inhaled fluticasone administration.…”

Section: Medication With Strong Evidence Of Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Heaves, an asthma‐like disease of horses

Leclère¹,

Lavoie-Lamoureux²,

Lavoie³

2011

Respirology

177

233

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Animal models have been developed to investigate specific components of asthmatic airway inflammation, hyper-responsiveness or remodelling. However, all of these aspects are rarely observed in the same animal. Heaves is a naturally occurring disease of horses that combines these features. It is characterized by stable dust-induced inflammation, bronchospasm and remodelling. The evaluation of horses during well-controlled natural antigen exposure and avoidance in experimental settings allows the study of disease mechanisms in the asymptomatic and symptomatic stages, an approach rarely feasible in humans. Also, the disease can be followed over several years to observe the cumulative effect of repeated episodes of clinical exacerbation or to evaluate long-term treatment, contrasting most murine asthma models. This model has shown complex gene and environment interactions, the involvement of both innate and adaptive responses to inflammation, and the contribution of bronchospasm and tissue remodelling to airway obstruction, all occurring in a natural setting. Similarities with the human asthmatic airways are well described and the model is currently being used to evaluate airway remodelling and its reversibility in ways that are not possible in people for ethical reasons. Tools including antibodies, recombinant proteins or gene arrays, as well as methods for sampling tissues and assessing lung function in the horse are constantly evolving to facilitate the study of this animal model. Research perspectives that can be relevant to asthma include the role of neutrophils in airway inflammation and their response to corticosteroids, systemic response to pulmonary inflammation, and maintaining athletic capacities with early intervention.

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“…Adverse effects such as delayed wound healing, immunosuppression, laminitis, gastric ulceration or adrenal suppression have been linked to the treatment with glucocorticoids, especially with higher doses or long duration of therapy (Flaminio et al . ; Bailey ; Ivester and Couëtil ). There is little scientific evidence to support some of the attributed adverse effects of glucocorticoids in horses, such as the development of laminitis, which is based on anecdotal case reports (Bailey ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of glucocorticoid therapy in horses. Part 2: Clinical use of systemic glucocorticoids in horses

Pereira

Groover

Wooldridge

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary This article is the second in a review series about the use of glucocorticoids to treat medical and musculoskeletal conditions in horses. This segment in the series summarises reported dosages, methods of administration and the efficacy of glucocorticoids for various systemic diseases in equids. The most common use of systemic glucocorticoids reported in the literature for management and treatment of alterations of the respiratory, integumentary, immune and neurological systems are included.

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The effect of glucocorticoid therapy in the immune system of the horse

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Long‐Term Fluticasone Treatment on Immune Function in Horses with Heaves

Effect of Long‐Term Fluticasone Treatment on Immune Function in Horses with Heaves

Heaves, an asthma‐like disease of horses

Review of glucocorticoid therapy in horses. Part 2: Clinical use of systemic glucocorticoids in horses

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