The Effect of Glyphosate on Potential Pathogens and Beneficial Members of Poultry Microbiota In Vitro

Abstract

The use of glyphosate modifies the environment which stresses the living microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to determine the real impact of glyphosate on potential pathogens and beneficial members of poultry microbiota in vitro. The presented results evidence that the highly pathogenic bacteria as Salmonella Entritidis, Salmonella Gallinarum, Salmonella Typhimurium, Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium botulinum are highly resistant to glyphosate. However, most of beneficial bacteria as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus badius, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus spp. were found to be moderate to highly susceptible. Also Campylobacter spp. were found to be susceptible to glyphosate. A reduction of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract microbiota by ingestion of glyphosate could disturb the normal gut bacterial community. Also, the toxicity of glyphosate to the most prevalent Enterococcus spp. could be a significant predisposing factor that is associated with the increase in C. botulinum-mediated diseases by suppressing the antagonistic effect of these bacteria on clostridia.

Efficacy of early treatment with toltrazuril in prevention of coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis in chickens

“…The bacterial count was determined using the plating colonies method (Sanders, 2012) on neomycinÁpolymyxin blood agar (neomycin (100 mg/l; Carl Roth)/ polymyxin B (50 mg/l; Sigma-Aldrich). C. perfringens colonies were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis (Shehata et al, 2013) to ensure specificity and the diagnosis and to exclude misdiagnosis due to contaminating haemolysing bacteria.…”

Detection of Glyphosate Residues in Animals and Humans

“…Recently, it was suggested that gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, depression, autism, infertility, cancer and Alzheimer's disease are associated with Western diet [11]. Furthermore, genotoxic activity [12], teratogenic activity [13], and disturbance of the normal gut bacterial community [14,15] due to glyphosate are reported. Glyphosate showed cytotoxic effects on different cells in vitro [16][17][18], and Barbosa et al [19], proposed that glyphosate may have contributed to the Parkinsonism due to its chemical similarity with glycine, a co-factor required for activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartase (NMDA) receptor, which controls excitatory actions in the central nervous system and is also involved in memory and learning.…”

Effects of Glyphosate or “Organic Herbicide” on Rumen Bacterial Isolates In Vitro

“…In a similar study that compared the effects of glyphosate on potential pathogens and beneficial members from poultry, 14 it was reported that most pathogenic bacteria were highly resistant towards the glyphosate, although Campylobacter spp. were susceptible.…”