The effect of graded inclusions of waxy starch hull-less barley and a multi-component exogenous carbohydrase on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphometry of broiler chickens

Perera, W.N.U.; Abdollahi, M.R.; Zaefarian, F.; Wester, T.J.; Ravindran, V.

doi:10.1080/00071668.2020.1755013

Cited by 6 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The presence of Carb in the diet (Carb and Carb + Phy) improved the F/G by an average of 2.5 points. Previous studies ( Bedford et al., 1991 ; Shakouri et al., 2009 ; Perera et al., 2019b , 2020 ), consistent with this finding, attributed the improvement in F/G to reduction in digesta viscosity by the action of Carb, but the viscosity effect was not observed in the current study. Amerah et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Regardless of barley particle size, starch digestibility was enhanced by Carb in both individual and combined supplementation, with magnitude of response of 1.51 and 1.83%, respectively. The effect of supplemental carbohydrase on enhanced starch digestibility in barley is well documented ( Bergh et al., 1999 ; Ravindran et al., 2007 ; Perera et al., 2019a , b ; 2020 ). Carbohydrase disrupts the endosperm cell wall and releases encapsulated starch granules, thus allowing them to interact unhindered with digestive enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters

et al. 2020

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The influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on performance, nutrient and energy utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters (day 1–21) fed pelleted barley-based diets was evaluated. Two barley particle sizes (fine and coarse) and 4 enzyme treatments (nonsupplemented [control], carbohydrase [0.15 g/kg of feed; Carb], phytase [0.10 g/kg; Phy] and combination of carbohydrase and phytase [0.15 and 0.10 g/kg, respectively; Carb + Phy]) were evaluated in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Fine and coarse barley particles were achieved by grinding whole barley in a hammer mill to pass through 2.0 and 8.0 mm screens, respectively. A total of 384, 1-day-old male broilers (8 birds/cage; 6 cages/treatment) were used. Supplemental enzymes tended ( P = 0.056) to increase the weight gain of birds with a synergetic effect from Carb + Phy. The response of feed intake to supplemental enzymes interacted ( P < 0.05) with barley particle size, as Phy increased feed intake only in fine barley diets. Both coarse particles and supplemental Carb, either individually or in combination with Phy, reduced feed per gain ( P < 0.001). Digestibility of DM, nitrogen, and fat was greater in birds fed coarse barley diets ( P < 0.05). Dry matter, starch, fat, and phosphorus digestibility values were improved by supplemental enzymes ( P < 0.05). Coarse barley ( P < 0.05) and Carb ( P < 0.001), either individually or in combination, increased the AMEn. Coarse barley reduced the gizzard pH ( P < 0.001). Birds fed diets with supplemental enzymes had shorter jejunum ( P < 0.05). Neither the barley particle size nor supplemental enzymes ( P > 0.05) affected the jejunal digesta viscosity. In summary, feeding coarse barley particles and supplemental Carb improved the feed efficiency and nutrient and energy utilization. The effects of barley particle size on measured parameters suggest that the particle size effect was preserved even after pelleting. The combination of Carb and Phy tended to improve the weight gain but caused no further improvements in nutrient utilization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters

et al. 2020

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“…The thermostable enzymes used in this experiment have been used in previous studies in our laboratory ( Perera et al, 2019a , b ; 2020a , b ) and were found to have high enzyme recoveries under high-temperature thermal processing. In contrast, extremely low enzyme recoveries were determined in diets conditioned at 88°C in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High steam-conditioning temperature during the pelleting process impairs growth performance and nutrient utilization in broiler starters fed barley-based diets, regardless of carbohydrase supplementation

et al. 2021

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The influence of supplemental carbohydrase ( Carb ) and conditioning temperature ( CT ) on growth performance, nutrient utilization and intestinal morphometry of broilers (d 1–21) fed barley-based diets was examined in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, evaluating 2 levels of Carb (0 and 150 g/tonne of feed) and three CT (60, 74, and 88°C). A total of 288, 1-day-old male broilers (8 birds/cage; 6 cages/treatment) were used. The activities of endo-1,4-β- glucanase, endo-1,3 (4)-β-glucanase and endo-1,4-β-xylanase in the Carb were 800 BGU/g, 700 BGU/g and 2,700 XU/g, respectively. On d 21, ileal digesta was collected for the determination of nutrient digestibility. There was no significant interaction between Carb and CT for any tested parameter. Supplemental Carb, regardless of CT, increased weight gain ( WG ; P < 0.05) and reduced feed per gain ( F/G ; P < 0.001) by 30 g/bird and 6.5 points, respectively. Increasing CT to 88°C reduced ( P < 0.05) WG, but increased ( P < 0.05) F/G compared to the diets conditioned at 60° and 74°C. Regardless of CT, Carb enhanced ( P < 0.05) the digestibility of starch and AMEn by 1.15% and 32 kcal/kg, respectively. Compared to the diets conditioned at 60° and 74°C, CT at 88°C reduced ( P < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, gross energy, and AMEn. Birds fed diets conditioned at 88°C showed lower ( P < 0.05) starch digestibility compared to those fed diets conditioned at 60°C. Conditioning at 88°C increased ( P < 0.05) jejunal digesta viscosity by 10.2% compared to diets conditioned at 60° and 74°C. Overall, Carb supplementation improved WG, F/G, starch digestibility and AMEn in broilers fed barley-based diets, irrespective of CT applied. Conditioning barley-based diets at 88°C impaired the ability of birds to utilize nitrogen, starch, phosphorus and energy, and consequently deteriorated WG and F/G. The lack of significant interactions between Carb and CT indicated that negative impacts caused by high CT on bird performance and nutrient utilization occurred regardless of Carb enzyme supplementation. Supplemental Carb per se could not remedy the adverse effects of high CT.

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“…High levels of β-glucans result in thicker cell walls than low levels of β-glucans [ 43 , 44 ]. Though barley has a potential to be included in broiler diets without compromising growth performance [ 45 , 46 ], its inclusion is not recommended for young birds (<7 days) in this experiment due to very low SIDC AA at day 7.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Age on the Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Corn and Barley in Broilers

Barua

Abdollahi

Zaefarian

et al. 2021

Animals

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The aim of this study was to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDCs) of nitrogen (N) and amino acids (AAs) in corn and barley at six different ages (days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42) of broilers using the direct method. The apparent AA digestibility coefficients were corrected using age-appropriate basal endogenous AA losses. No age effect (p > 0.05) was noted for the SIDC of N in corn. The average SIDC of indispensable AAs (IAAs) and total AAs (TAAs) was influenced in a quadratic manner (p < 0.05) with the values being higher at day 7 that decreased at day 14, increased and plateaued between days 21 and 35 and dropped again at day 42. The average SIDC of dispensable AAs (DAAs) was influenced linearly (p < 0.05). In barley, the SIDC of N and average IAAs, DAAs and TAAs was affected (quadratic; p < 0.001) by age. The digestibility increased from day 7 to 21 and then plateaued up to day 42. The present findings confirm that the SIDC of AA in corn and barley are influenced by broiler age and that the age effect on AA digestibility may need to be considered for precise feed formulation.

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The effect of graded inclusions of waxy starch hull-less barley and a multi-component exogenous carbohydrase on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphometry of broiler chickens

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters

The interactive influence of barley particle size and enzyme supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal morphometry of broiler starters

High steam-conditioning temperature during the pelleting process impairs growth performance and nutrient utilization in broiler starters fed barley-based diets, regardless of carbohydrase supplementation

Influence of Age on the Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Corn and Barley in Broilers

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