The measurement of neutronic parameters in nuclear reactors has an important influence on control and safety of nuclear reactor. The effective multiplication factor (keff) is the most important neutronic parameter for determining the state of reactor. This parameter strongly depends of the reflector elements loaded in the reactor core and the outer reflector thickness that surrounds the core. The main purpose of this work is using the Monte Carlo simulation via the MCNP5 code to evaluate the reflector effect of the Moroccan TRIGA Mark-II research reactor on the keff value. For this goal, the geometrical structure of the reactor and the fuel configuration were designed. The MCNP5 calculations of keff parameter of the reactor varying with reflector thickness have been performed. The obtained results are analysed and discussed.