The Effect of Ground Condition, Tire Inflation Pressure and Axle Load on Steering Torque

Park, W Y; Kim, S Y; Lee, C H; M, Choi D.; Lee, S S; Lee, K S

doi:10.5307/jbe.2004.29.5.419

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…where a and b are respectively the distance from the front and rear axle to the center of mass, k 1 and k 2 are respectively the cornering stiffness of the front and rear wheel, u and v are respectively the longitudinal velocity along the x-axis and the lateral velocity along the y-axis of the vehicle, I Z is the rotational inertia around the z-axis, β is the side-slip angle of the mass center, ω r is the yaw rate and δ is the steered wheel angle. According to the 2-dof vehicle motion differential equations in Equation (12), the simulation model is established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, which takes the forward velocity u and steered wheel angle δ as input, and takes the side-slip angle of mass center β and yaw rate ω r as output. The desired side-slip angle of the front wheel α 1 can be obtained by one more step calculation, which is:…”

Section: Aligning Torques Caused By the Kingpin Caster And Pneumatic mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pivot steering resistance torque is related to various factors such as the front axle load, the alignment parameters and steering angle of the front wheel, the tire/pavement friction, etc. [9][10][11][12] For example, empirical formulas are usually used to calculate the pivot steering resistance torque at present [13,14], however, empirical formulas do not reflect the relationship between the steering resistance torque and the steered wheel angle. Wang, Y.C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on Low-Speed Steering Resistance Torque of Vehicles Considering Friction between Tire and Pavement

et al. 2019

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Electric power steering (EPS) systems under existing vehicle power systems cannot provide enough power for heavy-duty commercial vehicles under pivot or low-speed steering conditions. To solve this problem, the paper proposes an EPS system that is based on the hybrid power system constituted by the vehicle power system and the supercapacitor in parallel. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention and withdrawal mechanisms of a super-capacitor in the new EPS, the law of steering resistance torque at a low or extremely low vehicle speed should be explored. Firstly, the finite element model of tire/pavement was established to conduct the simulation and calculation of the low-speed steering friction force between the tire and pavement, and to obtain the fitting expression of the equivalent steering friction coefficient with the running speed of the tire. Secondly, the expression of the steering friction torque was deduced based on the calculus theory and mathematical model of the low-speed steering resistance torque, including the steering friction torque and aligning torques, established to conduct the simulation of the equivalent resistance torque applied on a steering column under low-speed condition. Subsequently, the real vehicle experiments were carried out and comparisons of the experimental results and simulation results was performed. The consistency indicated that the model of low-speed steering resistance torque had a high accuracy. Finally, the law of low-speed steering resistance torque with a vehicle speed and steering wheel angle were analyzed according to the 3D surface plot drawn from the simulation results.

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Section: Aligning Torques Caused By the Kingpin Caster And Pneumatic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Low-Speed Steering Resistance Torque of Vehicles Considering Friction between Tire and Pavement

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Terramechanics-based modeling of sinkage and moment for in-situ steering wheels of mobile robots on deformable terrain

Ding

Yang

Gao

et al. 2017

Mechanism and Machine Theory

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An Exponential Decay Model for Decaying of Contact Patch Friction Steering Moment with Rolling Speed

Prakash¹,

Vignati²,

Sabbioni³

2024

Tire Science and Technology

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Steering torque is a very important quantity for the driver's response. In fact, it gives the driver an idea of the road adherence condition during driving. Several models have been developed to simulate shear forces at the contact patch; most of them are based on semi-empirical tire models that account for slip and slip angles. They have good reliability when speed is high enough, but at very low speed, such as in parking, these models suffer from reliability and numerical issues. This paper presents a model to compute the steering moment due to contact patch friction at any longitudinal speed including pivot steering condition. In particular, it supplements the pivot steering model with a novel exponential decay of moment model to simulate steering moment for various wheel rolling speeds. The decay rate was found to be dependent upon contact patch geometry and rolling speed.

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The Effect of Ground Condition, Tire Inflation Pressure and Axle Load on Steering Torque

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Study on Low-Speed Steering Resistance Torque of Vehicles Considering Friction between Tire and Pavement

Study on Low-Speed Steering Resistance Torque of Vehicles Considering Friction between Tire and Pavement

Terramechanics-based modeling of sinkage and moment for in-situ steering wheels of mobile robots on deformable terrain

An Exponential Decay Model for Decaying of Contact Patch Friction Steering Moment with Rolling Speed

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