The effect of group climate on outcome in two forms of short-term group therapy.

Ogrodniczuk, John S.; Piper, William E.

doi:10.1037/1089-2699.7.1.64

Cited by 101 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…psychotherapy. However, the findings of the present study are not directly comparable with the sex studies from Zlotnick et al 15 or Ogrodniczuk et al 16 The Zlotnick study explored the effect of 2 different psychotherapies, short-term interpersonal therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy, on a sample of depressed patients. Ogrodniczuk and colleagues investigated the effect of patient sex on outcome of interpretive or supportive psychotherapy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Ogrodniczuk et al 16 discussed the possibility that women may prefer a closer and more personal relationship with their therapist, whereas men may prefer a more neutral relationship to support their sense of independence. If men generally profit most when retaining a feeling of independence, this may be even more important for healthier men with good relational functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No significant predictor or moderator effects of patient sex were found. A study by Ogrodniczuk et al 16 is the only study, to our knowledge, showing a moderator effect of sex in individual psychotherapy. They reported that male patients had better outcomes in interpretive therapy than in supportive therapy, while female patients had better outcomes in supportive therapy, compared with interpretive therapy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Patient Sex as Moderator of Effects of Transference Interpretation in a Randomized Controlled Study of Dynamic Psychotherapy

et al. 2009

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W La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, vol 54, no 2, février 2009 78 Objective: To examine whether men and women respond differentially to brief dynamic psychotherapy, with or without transference interpretations. Method:Data from the First Experimental Study of Transference Interpretation were used. Patients (n = 100) were randomized to receive 2 different dynamic psychotherapies during 1 year, with either a moderate level of transference interpretations or no transference interpretations. We used the following outcome measures: the Psychodynamic Functioning Scales, Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Circumplex Version, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), and total mean score of Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (Global Severity Index [GSI]). Change was assessed using linear-mixed models.Results: On average, men and women responded equally across treatments. The moderator analyses, using the 2 secondary outcome measures, GAF and GSI, demonstrated that women responded better to therapy with transference interpretations, compared with men, whereas men responded better to therapy without transference interpretations, compared with women. When the moderator sex was combined with the moderator quality of object relations (QOR), a strong effect emerged: men with high QOR showed a large negative effect of transference interpretations, and women with low QOR showed a large positive effect. Conclusions:In terms of symptom change, women responded better to therapy with transference interpretations, while men responded better to therapy without transference interpretations. Patient sex showed moderator effects over and above the moderator effects of QOR.Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT00423462 Can J Psychiatry. 2009;54(2)78-86. Clinical Implications· This study indicates that women and men responded differentially to transference interpretations in brief dynamic psychotherapy. · Women responded significantly better than men to transference interpretations in dynamic psychotherapy. · This study may contribute in the development of more targeted treatment interventions for men and women. Limitations· We do not know whether our results can be generalized to long-term psychotherapy or are sustained after psychotherapy. · The study was not large enough for precise estimates of effect size. · Specifically trained psychotherapists are good for providing internal validity, but less than optimal for generalizing to standard practice. Our study examines differences in outcome for men and women receiving brief exploratory psychodynamic psychotherapy, either with or without transference interpretations. After reviewing the literature on sex and psychotherapy, we predicted the following: patient sex will not predict outcome across treatments, and men and women may respond differently to dynamic therapy, with or without transference interpretations. MethodDetailed descriptions of our study's research design and methods have previously been published 4,17,18 and are briefly described here. It should be noted that treatment effects...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Patient Sex as Moderator of Effects of Transference Interpretation in a Randomized Controlled Study of Dynamic Psychotherapy

et al. 2009

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“…Women achieved better outcomes after completing supportive therapy than interpretive therapy. Conversely, men showed better outcomes after completing interpretive than supportive therapy (Ogrodniczuk, Piper, Joyce, & McCallum, 2001). …”

Section: Implications For Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal

McRae

Ochsner

Mauss

et al. 2008

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

743

523

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Despite strong popular conceptions of gender differences in emotionality and striking gender differences in the prevalence of disorders thought to involve emotion dysregulation, the literature on the neural bases of emotion regulation is nearly silent regarding gender differences (Gross, 2007; Ochsner & Gross, in press). The purpose of the present study was to address this gap in the literature. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we asked male and female participants to use a cognitive emotion regulation strategy (reappraisal) to down-regulate their emotional responses to negatively valenced pictures. Behaviorally, men and women evidenced comparable decreases in negative emotion experience. Neurally, however, gender differences emerged. Compared with women, men showed (a) lesser increases in prefrontal regions that are associated with reappraisal, (b) greater decreases in the amygdala, which is associated with emotional responding, and (c) lesser engagement of ventral striatal regions, which are associated with reward processing. We consider two non-competing explanations for these differences. First, men may expend less effort when using cognitive regulation, perhaps due to greater use of automatic emotion regulation. Second, women may use positive emotions in the service of reappraising negative emotions to a greater degree. We then consider the implications of gender differences in emotion regulation for understanding gender differences in emotional processing in general, and gender differences in affective disorders

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“…However, given its explicit focus on psychotherapeutic processes, the GCQ is best suited to assess psychotherapy-based intervention groups, and not other types of groups. Most items in both the long-and shortversions of the GCQ are primarily relevant to psychotherapy groups (e.g., "The members research personal information which is usually kept secret," and "Members tried to understand why they do the things they do, tried to reason it out"), and the majority studies using the scale have been conducted with psychotherapeutic groups (MacKenzie et al, 1987;MacKenzie & Livesley, 1986;Ogrodniczuk & Piper, 2003). While this type of group is often used in clinical work, a measure specifically designed for psychotherapy groups may not be relevant to many group interventions taking place in community-based and clinical settings that are not psychotherapy-based.…”

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confidence: 99%

Scale development of a measure to assess community‐based and clinical intervention group environments

Wilson

Hansen

Tarakeshwar

et al. 2008

Journal Community Psychology

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Though group interventions are widely used in community-based and clinical settings, there are few brief instruments for assessing the group environment. Two studies on the development of a brief measure to assess intervention group environments are described, and psychometric properties of the new scale are presented. The new measure is based on Moos' (1994) Group Environment Scale (GES). Participants in the studies were from two independent randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of group interventions (combined N = 334). In Study 1 (N = 139), the factor content of the original 90-item GES was examined. The scale was shortened, the response format was changed, and items were adapted and added to in an effort to increase applicability to community-based and clinical intervention groups. In Study 2 (N = 195), the new scale was evaluated, the factor solution obtained in Study 1 was cross-validated, and subsequently the length of the scale was shortened again. The final scale contains 25 items with three subscales. Reliability and validity of the new scale was examined. Finally, the research and practice implications of the scale are discussed.Group interventions have been proposed as perhaps the most promising psychosocial treatment modality for persons receiving care in clinical and community-based health care settings (Simonton & Sherman, 2000), and interest in and practice of group interventions is growing among researchers and practitioners (Sherman et al., 2004). For the purposes of this study, group interventions refer to the broad range of behavioral and mental health interventions that are delivered within the group environment. Types of groups that fall under the umbrella of a "group intervention" include psychotherapeutic groups, educational groups, support groups, skills-building groups, and any combination of the four. Using this perspective, group NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript interventions may take place as a part of a research study examining the effectiveness of an intervention (e.g., a randomized controlled clinical trial), or they can exist as a part of services provided to clients in public or private health service organizations or community-based organizations. Likewise, intervention groups refer to groups that are unstructured and conducted for indefinite periods of time, as well as those that are structured and delivered for a predetermined number of sessions to a fixed number of participants.There are many advantages of using the group environment to deliver an intervention. These advantages include: (a) the development of a sense of universality, cohesion, and social support among group members; (b) the opportunity for modeling and social learning from other group members, and (c) the positive experience of sharing with and helping others (Burlingame, MacKenzie, & Strauss, 2003;Hyde, Appleby, Weiss, Bailey & Morgan, 2005;Yalom, 1985). Additionally, research suggests that participants often view group interventions as less stigmatiz...

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The effect of group climate on outcome in two forms of short-term group therapy.

Cited by 101 publications

References 25 publications

Patient Sex as Moderator of Effects of Transference Interpretation in a Randomized Controlled Study of Dynamic Psychotherapy

Patient Sex as Moderator of Effects of Transference Interpretation in a Randomized Controlled Study of Dynamic Psychotherapy

Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal

Scale development of a measure to assess community‐based and clinical intervention group environments

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