The effect of guar gum addition to a semisolid meal on appetite related to blood glucose, in dieting men

Kovács, Éva; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.; Melanson, Kathleen J.; Goossens, I.; Geurten, P.; Brouns, Fred

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601407

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Astrup et al (1990) and Quaade et al (1990) reported lower hunger scores when the energy-restricted diet was supplemented with 30 g of fibre per day, whereas Kovacs et al (2001) and Kovacs et al (2002) observed no such effect.…”

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Based on available evidence on bowel function, the Panel considered dietary fibre intakes of 25 g/day to be adequate for normal laxation in adults on an habitual diet (EFSA NDA Panel, 2010a). Dietary fibre doses of around 7-30 g/day with total diet replacements for weight control have been reported Quaade et al, 1990;Kovacs et al, 2001;Kovacs et al, 2002). Often the amount is individually determined.…”

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…No effects of dietary fibre addition to diet replacements for weight control on satiety ratings were observed either with 7.5 g guar gum per day (energy content 1 623-1 950 kJ/day or 388-466 kcal/day) (Kovacs et al, 2001;Kovacs et al, 2002) or 30 g birch fibre (98.5 % cellulose) per day (energy content 5 648 kJ/day or 1 350 kcal/day) Quaade et al, 1990). Astrup et al (1990) and Quaade et al (1990) reported lower hunger scores when the energy-restricted diet was supplemented with 30 g of fibre per day, whereas Kovacs et al (2001) and Kovacs et al (2002) observed no such effect.…”

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control

Products¹

2015

EFSA Journal

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control. Total diet replacements for weight control are intended to induce a substantial energy deficit in overweight or obese adults who wish to lose weight and replace the whole diet in the context of energyrestricted diets for weight reduction. In this opinion, the Panel proposed a minimum protein content based on a Population Reference Intake for protein adjusted for the overweight or obese (75 g/day), a minimum carbohydrate content based on the obligatory glucose demands of the brain (30 g/day) and minimum contents of linoleic acid (11 g/day), α-linolenic acid (1.4 g/day) and micronutrients based on reference values established either by the Panel or by other scientific or authoritative bodies. Derived from the minimum content of macronutrients, the Panel proposed a minimum energy content of total diet replacements for weight control of 2 510 kJ/day (600 kcal/day). The Panel also advised on potential conditions and restrictions of use for these products. © European SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control. Total diet replacements for weight control are intended to induce a substantial energy deficit in overweight or obese adults who wish to lose weight and replace the whole diet in the context of energy-restricted diets for weight reduction.The guiding principle for providing advice on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control should be that products are safe and suitable when consumed as a sole source of nutrition for several weeks to months by overweight or obese adults in the context of energy-restricted diets for weight reduction. In order to avoid nutrient deficiencies, these products should, therefore, provide at least the Population Reference Intake or the Adequate Intake for adults of all indispensable nutrients. As Dietary Reference Values are generally established for healthy, normal-weight individuals, specific consideration has been given by the Panel in this opinion whether there was an increase in nutrient requirements in the overweight or obese or (rapid) weight loss leads to an increased nutrient loss and thus a higher requirement. The Panel also considered the extent to which different diet compositions impact on losses in fat-free mass, and on other adverse effects of weight loss diets, such as gallstone formation. The effectiveness of a product in terms of extent of weight loss was not in itself considered an appropriate determinant for the necessary composition of total diet replacements for weight control. ProteinThe Population Reference Intake of 0.83 g/kg body weight per day cannot be directly applied to overweight or obese indi...

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Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control

Products¹

2015

EFSA Journal

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“…In this respect, in a separate study we found that addition of the same modi®ed GG to a low-energy semisolid meal resulted in a more moderate change in blood glucose and insulin after meal ingestion. 41 This may result in a prolonged feeling of satiety. 16 Evidence for long-term weight maintenance with dietary ®ber has been presented by a study by Hamilton and Anderson.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of addition of modified guar gum to a low-energy semisolid meal on appetite and body weight loss

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of addition of modi®ed guar gum (GG) to a low-energy semisolid meal on appetite and body weight (BW) loss. SUBJECTS: Twenty eight mainly overweight male volunteers (age, 19 ± 56 y; body mass index, 29 AE 2 kg m À2 ; BW, 89.4 AE 9.2 kg). DESIGN: Baseline of one week with self-selected diet. Three treatments of 2 weeks with a low-energy diet divided over three times a day, consisting of a semisolid meal with (SSM ) or without GG (SSM) or a solid meal (SM) with the same energy content (947 kJ) and macronutrient composition, and a dinner of the subject's own choice. Washout periods lasted 4 weeks. RESULTS: Compared to baseline values, reduction in energy intake and BW loss were similar for SSM , SSM and SM. Appetite (hunger, desire to eat or estimation of how much one could eat) was increased in SSM and in SM compared to baseline, but not in SSM . Satiety and fullness in SSM , SSM and SM were similar to baseline. Any intervention was more effective on BW loss when it took place the ®rst time compared to the second and third times (2.6 AE 0.2 kg, 1.7 AE 0.2 kg and 1.1 AE 0.2 kg, respectively; P`0.001). The SM ± SSM ± SSM sequence was more effective on BW loss compared to the SSM ± SSM ± SM sequence (5.6 AE 1.0 and 2.5 AE 0.6 kg, respectively; P`0.05). CONCLUSION: All the three treatments were equally effective with respect to BW loss. GG addition to a semisolid meal prevented an increase in appetite, hunger and desire to eat, which increase was present in the other treatments. However, differences between treatments were not statistically signi®cant. The order effect shows that repeated 2-week bouts of dieting become increasingly ineffective. The sequence SM ± SSM ± SSM was more effective than the sequence SSM ± SSM ± SM, probably because compliance was relatively higher with the SSM or SSM diet, and compliance decreased towards the end of the complete experiment.

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“…Meals dense in fiber have also been demonstrated to be able to control the sense of hunger, satiety, inhibit the desire for another meal, or induce satiation, limit the size of the meal, possibly by lowering caloric density or slowing down gastric emptying [40,129] This would further decrease the sugar load of the individual, since high-fiber diets usually have a lower glycemic load.…”

Section: Polydextrose As a Satiety Increasing Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydextrose in Lipid Metabolism

Putaala¹

2013

Lipid Metabolism

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The effect of guar gum addition to a semisolid meal on appetite related to blood glucose, in dieting men

Cited by 32 publications

References 25 publications

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of total diet replacements for weight control

The effect of addition of modified guar gum to a low-energy semisolid meal on appetite and body weight loss

Polydextrose in Lipid Metabolism

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