The effect of heavy metals and other pollutants on the sediments of Onondaga Lake

Effler, Steven W.; Rand, M. C.; Tamayo, T. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01047117

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Inanimate suspended solids are known to be a significant light attenuating component in Onondaga Lake . Further, the net sedimentation rate in Onondaga Lake is unusually high (Effler et al, 1979). The changes in Secchi disc transparency were largely driven by changes in the intensity of light scattering, associated with the changes in the concentrations of particles.…”

Section: Ca/fe/al/si Particles Are Common In Onondagamentioning

confidence: 96%

OPTICAL IMPACTS AND SOURCES OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN ONONDAGA CREEK, U.S.A.¹

Effler¹,

Johnson²,

Jiao³

et al. 1992

J American Water Resour Assoc

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The degradation of the optical aesthetics in the mouth of Onondaga Creek, New York, that occurs during high flow periods as a result of the influx of large quantities of suspended solids, is documented. Features of the degradation include very low clarity (Secchi disc minimum of approximately 0.1 m) and a brown ‘muddy’ appearance. The reduced clarity is mostly a result of increased light scattering. Loading and concentration profiles obtained for an approximately 35 km interval above the creek mouth over a wide range of flow indicates most of the suspended solids received during runoff events is resuspended stream sediment and eroded bank material. Application of microscopy‐based individual particle analysis techniques indicates that the origin of most of these deposits and much of the suspended solids during runoff events is point source inputs, termed ‘mud boils,’ located approximately 32 km upstream of the creek mouth.

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Section: Ca/fe/al/si Particles Are Common In Onondagamentioning

confidence: 96%

OPTICAL IMPACTS AND SOURCES OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN ONONDAGA CREEK, U.S.A.¹

Effler¹,

Johnson²,

Jiao³

et al. 1992

J American Water Resour Assoc

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“…It was found to be the dominant component of the inorganic particles of the lake (Yin and Johnson, 1984). The high rate of deposition of calcite (and associated materials) caused by the industrial discharge manifests itself through extremely high sedimentation rates (5 to 9 cm yr-1 in the deepest parts of the lake; determined by Pb-210 dating) for the consolidated sediments of the deep zones of the lake, and by the occurrence of an extensive overlying flocculent layer (> 1 m thick) in these areas (Effler et al, 1979). Based on a method of partitioning turbidity according to calcite and non-calcite components tested by Eftter and Johnson (1986) from May through September of 1980), and is positively correlated with the level of primary productivity .…”

Section: Calcite Oversaturation Precipitation and Deposition In Onomentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The elevated level of Ca deposition probably also enhances the rate of deposition of a number of other materials. The thickness of the flocculent layer of the lake is much greater than values reported for other lakes, and is viewed as a manifestation of the very high rate of sedimentation (Effler et al, 1979). Thirty percent of the particulate P deposited in Onondaga Lake during the sediment trap studies was inorganic (Wodka et aI., 1985), presumably coprecepitated with calcite.…”

Section: Calcite Oversaturation Precipitation and Deposition In Onomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial coprecipitation of P with calcite is considered rare (e.g., Murphy et al, 1983), but is indicated in Onondaga Lake . The dominant component of the consolidated (Effler et al, 1979) and flocculent (Yin and Johnson, 1984) sediments is calcite. This mechanism is consistent with the very high value of P retention determined for the lake (Devan and Effler, 1984;Wodka et al, 1985).…”

Section: Calcite Oversaturation Precipitation and Deposition In Onomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transparency exceeded 1.2 m, the swimming safety guideline in New York State, on only 9 of 100 occasions that Secchi disc measurements were made by the author and co-workers in the June to 15 September interval of 1978 (Effler et al, 1984c(Effler et al, ), 1979(Effler et al, , 1981(Effler et al, , 1982. Similar conditions have prevailed since at least 1969 (Devan and Effler, 1984), and probably much longer.…”

Section: Existing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of a chlor-alkali plant on Onondaga Lake and adjoining systems

Effler

1987

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The pervasive effects an adjoining chlor-alkali plant has had on Onondaga Lake, and the river system that receives the lake discharge, are documented. Effects of the ionic waste discharge of the facility include: (1) ionic enrichment, (2) altered stratification regimes, (3) altered exchange between the lake and river, (4) altered hydrodynamics in the river downstream of the lake, (5) precipitation and deposition of large quantities of calcium carbonate, and (6) altered chemistry of lake sediments regulating P availability. Mercury, benzene, chlorobenzene wastes from the plant have contaminated the sediments and fish of the lake. Deleterious effects of the facility have included: the elimination of fish habitat, exacerbation of the problem of limited O~ resources of the hypolimnion, contamination offish flesh, exacerbation of the problem of low transparency of the lake, and severe O 2 depletion in the lower waters of the river system. ONONDAGA LAKE: SETTING, RECENT HISTORY AND PRESENT CONDITIONOnondaga Lake is a small (area of 11.7 km 2, volume of 1.4 x 108 m 3, mean depth of 12 m, maximum depth of 20.5 m) lake located in metropolitan Syracuse, New York. A bathymetric map of the lake is presented in Figure l(a), which also identifies significant tributaries, other discharges to the lake, the outlet, and other, subsequently presented, features of the system. The lake flushes rapidly, 2.5 to 5.0 times per year (Devan and Eflter, 1984). A geographic setting map showing the position of Onondaga Lake with * Contribution No. 65 of the Upstate Freshwater Institute, Inc.

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