The effect of high intensity interval training on cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in Wistar rats

Rahimi, Mohammad Taghi; Shekarforoush, Shahnaz; Asgari, Ali; Khoshbaten, Ali; Rajabi, Hamid; Bazgir, Behzad; Mohammadi, Mohammad Taghi; Sobhani, Vahid; Shakibaee, Abolfazl

doi:10.17179/excli2014-587

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The size of the infarct is known as an appropriate indicator of cardiac resistance to IR injury [ 25 ]. The results of our study indicated that HIIT and IPC can significantly reduce the MI size after myocardial ischemia–reperfusion, aligning with results previously observed by other scholars [ 26 , 27 ]. However, there was no significant difference in AAR among the three groups; thus, reduced MI size cannot be attributed to surgery-related changes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A Comparative Study: Cardioprotective Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Ischaemic Preconditioning in Rat Myocardial Ischaemia–Reperfusion

Zhang,

Fu,

Tai

et al. 2024

Life

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(1) Background: Years of research have identified ischemic preconditioning (IPC) as a crucial endogenous protective mechanism against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury, enhancing the myocardial cell’s tolerance to subsequent ischemic damage. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is promoted by athletes because it reduces exercise duration and improves metabolic response and cardiopulmonary function. Our objective was to evaluate and compare whether HIIT and IPC could reduce myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. (2) Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham surgery, coronary artery occlusion (CAO), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and ischemic preconditioning (IPC). The CAO, HIIT, and IPC groups experienced 40 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion to induce myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. Subsequently, the rats were sacrificed, and blood samples along with cardiac tissues were examined. The HIIT group received 4 weeks of training before surgery, and the IPC group underwent preconditioning before the ischemia–reperfusion procedure. (3) Results: The HIIT and IPC interventions significantly reduced the extent of the myocardial infarction size and the levels of serum troponin I and lactate dehydrogenase. Through these two interventions, serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were significantly decreased, while the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased. Furthermore, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins PTEN, caspase-3, TNF-α, and Bax in the myocardium was reduced, and the expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was increased, ultimately reducing cellular apoptosis in the myocardium. In conclusion, both HIIT and IPC demonstrated effective strategies with potential for mitigating myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury for the heart.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A Comparative Study: Cardioprotective Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Ischaemic Preconditioning in Rat Myocardial Ischaemia–Reperfusion

Zhang,

Fu,

Tai

et al. 2024

Life

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“…The cardioprotective effect of exercise is due to the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism in the myocardium, as well as the adaptive increase of mitochondrial biogenesis, which is associated with the activation of PGC-1 α [ 36 ]. The present study, in line with other studies [ 32 , 37 ], showed that the rats that performed a short period of 4 weeks of HIIT training protocol were more resistant to MI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Exercise Preconditioning Effect on Cardiac Tissue Injury following Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Male Rats

Heiat

Ahmadi

Shojaeifard

2023

BioMed Research International

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Background and Objective. Studies have shown that physical activity not only reduces cardiovascular risk factors but also improves cardiac protection against ischemia-reperfusion. One of the protective pathways of the heart against ischemia is mitochondrial function protection, and the role of exercise preconditioning in this mechanism is important. We investigated the exercise pretraining on mitochondrial biogenesis effect, angiogenesis, and cardiac tissue injury in male rats following stroke. Materials and Methods. Twenty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups including MI, Sham, HIIT, and HIIT+MI ( N = 6 ). HIIT and HIIT+MI which underwent high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for 4 weeks (5 days a week). The training protocol included 10 intervals of 1-minute running, with 2 minutes rest between each interval. The training intensity was different every week according to the peak treadmill running speed (v peak) percentage of each rat. Isoproterenol injection was used to induce myocardial infarction (MI). Expressions of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), PGC-1α troponin-I, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and microRNA 126 (miR-126) genes were measured. The variables were measured using biochemical and RT-PCR methods. The significance level ( P value≤0.05) was analyzed using ANOVA test. Results. The results showed that 4 weeks of HIIT training led to a significant increase in PGC-1α, TFAm, and VEGF levels in the MI, HIIT, and HIIT+MI groups compared to the sham group ( P = 0.001 ). HIIT exercises increased miR-126 in the different groups compared to the sham group; however, it was not significant. Conclusion. The results obtained showed that HIIT exercise exerts cardio-protective effects to reduce cardiac tissue injury and necrosis against MI. These effects increase mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis by inducing the increased expression of VEGF, TFAM, PGC-1α, and miR-126 genes in the heart tissue. Therefore, HIIT training, as a preconditioning program, was able to protect the cardiac tissue against MI.

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“…The short cycle of the training process was partially compensated by the intensity of the loads. However, despite the limited number of trainings session in the groups of rats being trained, the total runs they performed was seven, which is comparable with the number of sessions used by other research groups [27], [28]. In contrast, only two exercise tests at three-week intervals were performed in the groups of sedentary condition.…”

Section: IVmentioning

confidence: 63%

Physical Training Reverses the Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Control and Exercise Tolerance Induced by Right-Side Vagal Denervation

et al. 2022

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Cardiac transplantation results in inevitable denervation. However, it remains poorly understood how important the loss of vagal innervation is for exercise tolerance. It is also unclear whether physical working capacity restoration after denervation is assured during exercise. To assess the effect of denervation on cardiac autonomic control and exercise tolerance, we used an animal model of cardiac denervation by unilateral transection of the vagus nerve. The experimental study was carried out on male Wistar rats (N = 60), which were randomly assigned to six groups. One third of animals constituted the control group, the other third underwent right-side vagal denervation, and the rest underwent left-side denervation. After the surgery, half of the animals were trained and the other half were kept sedentary. Electrocardiogram was recorded in all animals, followed by assessment of the heart rate variability. It was shown that the rightside denervation leads to significant decrease in the heart rate variability. The postsurgical maintenance of rats with the right-side denervation in sedentary conditions led to significant decreased exercise tolerance. An increase in the physical working capacity was found in all trained animals but the most significant increase was again observed in rats with the right-side denervation. Moreover, in all trained animals indices of the heart rate variability were significantly higher. These observations allow us to conclude that right-side vagal denervation leads to both a decrease in the cardiac autonomic control and a suppression of physical working capacity. Postsurgical training with submaximal intensity promotes both restoration of the exercise tolerance in all animals and increase in the regulatory neurogenic influences on the sinus node, including rats undergoing vagal denervation.

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The effect of high intensity interval training on cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in Wistar rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

A Comparative Study: Cardioprotective Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Ischaemic Preconditioning in Rat Myocardial Ischaemia–Reperfusion

A Comparative Study: Cardioprotective Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Ischaemic Preconditioning in Rat Myocardial Ischaemia–Reperfusion

The Exercise Preconditioning Effect on Cardiac Tissue Injury following Induction of Myocardial Infarction in Male Rats

Physical Training Reverses the Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Control and Exercise Tolerance Induced by Right-Side Vagal Denervation

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