The Effect of Hot-Cold Applications on Patellar Tendon to Torque-Time Parameters

Abstract

Objective: Therapeutic use of thermal agents such as hot-cold is common in clinical practice and rehabilitation applications. Changes in tissue temperature create a therapeutic effect by making alterations in metabolism, neurotransmission, hemodynamics and mechanical properties. In this study, the effects of hot-cold applications on patellar tendon to torque-time parameters were investigated. Materials and Methods: 30 healthy individuals (16 males, 14 females) at the age of 18-30 years were participated to the study. Participants' demographic characteristics were recorded, body weight and height measurements were performed, and Tegner activity scores were noted. Hot and cold applications have been applied to the participants with 48 hours of interval. Following 5 minutes of submaximal warming exercise in cycle ergometer, patellar tendon temperatures were measured with infrared thermometer and thermal camera. Isokinetic strength tests (concentric mode at 60°/second and 180°/second) were performed. Hot or cold applications were performed on patellar tendon for 30 minutes. The submaximal warmup exercise repeated following the application, temperature measurements and isokinetic tests were performed again. All tests were performed on dominant lower extremity of the participants. Results: Statistically significant results were obtained both at infrared thermometer (p<0.001) and also at thermal camera measurements (p<0.001) in the pre-post cooling and heating temperature evaluations. Time to peak torque and rate of peak torque development were similar in pre and post cold measurements (p >0.05), whereas time to peak torque was significantly lower (p<0.05) and significant increase in rate of peak torque development (p<0.01) has been determined following hot application. Conclusion: Heat application on patellar tendon may improve athletic performances that require explosive force. There is need for more comprehensive studies to validate the findings obtained by this study.