The effect of hydroxypropyl-guar nanoemulsion on signs and symptoms of dry eye
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Cited by 3 publications
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Changes in corneal epithelial irregularity following treatment with artificial tears
Significance Dry eye sufferers have a highly irregular corneal epithelial surface compared with those without dry eye. This study demonstrated that corneal epithelial thickness irregularity can be significantly reduced after as little as 48 hours following treatment with regular use of topical ocular lubricants. Purpose This study aimed to compare changes in corneal epithelial thickness irregularity factor (EIF) and ocular symptoms in a population with symptoms of dry eye before and up to 4 weeks after treatment with two commercially available lubricating eye drops versus saline. Methods We conducted a prospective single-center, investigator-masked, randomized, parallel-group dispensing study. Participants with moderate to severe symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index score >23 at baseline) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 0.15% hyaluronic acid + hydroxypropyl guar, 0.2% hyaluronic acid, or saline (16 in each group). Corneal epithelial thickness measurements were obtained along vertical and horizontal CASIA SS-1000 Optical Coherence Tomography scans at baseline and after 48 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was administered at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Results Forty-eight participants (male-to-female ratio, 17:31) completed the study. Horizontal EIF was significantly lower at all follow-up visits compared with baseline (p=0.001), but there were no significant differences between study eye drops (p=0.34). No significant difference in vertical EIF was observed over time (p=0.32) or between eye drops (p=0.08). Ocular symptoms significantly improved after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment compared with baseline (p<0.001), but no differences were observed between eye drops (p=0.46). Conclusions All treatments were effective for reducing EIF along the horizontal meridian 48 hours after initiation of treatment, and improvements were maintained for 4 weeks. Improvements in ocular symptoms were observed with all study treatments.
Changes in corneal epithelial irregularity following treatment with artificial tears
Significance Dry eye sufferers have a highly irregular corneal epithelial surface compared with those without dry eye. This study demonstrated that corneal epithelial thickness irregularity can be significantly reduced after as little as 48 hours following treatment with regular use of topical ocular lubricants. Purpose This study aimed to compare changes in corneal epithelial thickness irregularity factor (EIF) and ocular symptoms in a population with symptoms of dry eye before and up to 4 weeks after treatment with two commercially available lubricating eye drops versus saline. Methods We conducted a prospective single-center, investigator-masked, randomized, parallel-group dispensing study. Participants with moderate to severe symptoms of dry eye (Ocular Surface Disease Index score >23 at baseline) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either 0.15% hyaluronic acid + hydroxypropyl guar, 0.2% hyaluronic acid, or saline (16 in each group). Corneal epithelial thickness measurements were obtained along vertical and horizontal CASIA SS-1000 Optical Coherence Tomography scans at baseline and after 48 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was administered at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Results Forty-eight participants (male-to-female ratio, 17:31) completed the study. Horizontal EIF was significantly lower at all follow-up visits compared with baseline (p=0.001), but there were no significant differences between study eye drops (p=0.34). No significant difference in vertical EIF was observed over time (p=0.32) or between eye drops (p=0.08). Ocular symptoms significantly improved after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment compared with baseline (p<0.001), but no differences were observed between eye drops (p=0.46). Conclusions All treatments were effective for reducing EIF along the horizontal meridian 48 hours after initiation of treatment, and improvements were maintained for 4 weeks. Improvements in ocular symptoms were observed with all study treatments.
Influence of Lifestyle Factors on Ocular Surface Parameters in Relation to Age
Purpose: To evaluate how Video Display Terminal (VDT) use, Contact Lens (CL) wear, and eyedrop use affect ocular surface parameters in participants with ocular discomfort and how these factors may vary across different age groups. Methods: The current cross-sectional study initially involved a total of 252 participants who completed a self-administered survey to collect information about ocular discomfort and lifestyle factors. This online survey was composed of an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and three extra questions regarding lifestyle factors (VDT use, CL wear, and eyedrop use). Only 185 symptomatic participants, those with OSDI values > 12, were scheduled to undergo a comprehensive ocular examination that included tear film osmolarity, Fluorescein Break-Up Time (FBUT), Maximum Blink Interval (MBI), and corneal staining. Results: Differences in ocular parameters and lifestyle factors across age groups (<40 years, 40–60 years, >60 years) were analyzed, along with their correlations and regression. Significant age group differences were found in OSDI, osmolarity, FBUT, and MBI (One-way ANOVA, all p ≤ 0.029). Correlations were observed between CL wear and osmolarity and MBI (Pearson’s correlation, both p ≤ 0.049). Multiple regression confirmed age associations with OSDI, osmolarity, FBUT, and MBI (Multiple linear regression, all p ≤ 0.040) and found links between VDT use and osmolarity and MBI (Multiple linear regression, both p ≤ 0.038) and between eyedrop use and OSDI (Multiple linear regression, p = 0.040). Conclusion: Aging is a primary factor affecting ocular homeostasis, with older adults showing lower FBUT and MBI values and higher osmolarity. Prolonged use of VDTs exacerbates this effect, further contributing to ocular discomfort and destabilized tear film. No associations between CL wear and any of the ocular parameters were found. Eyedrop use shows varied effects on ocular comfort across age groups, emphasizing the need for age-specific ocular care. Overall, these findings confirm that aging and extended VDT use play a significant role in ocular surface discomfort.
Novel Therapies in the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex, chronic and bilateral disease that results in discomfort, visual changes and instability of the tear film. These are immunosuppressive agents, immunomodulators, anti-inflammatory agents and corticosteroids some of the recent treatment approaches are autologous serum eye drops, stem cell therapy, lipid therapy and so on. This meta-analysis seeks to compare the effectiveness of autologous serum eye drops, stem cell therapy as well as the new lipid-based therapies with the standard water-based artificial tear ocular lubricants in DED. Methodology: PubMed, Cochrane and Embase were performed for the identification of trials published in the past 15 years. Specified data extraction was made on the aspects of study design, sample size, type of emerging therapy, measures of efficacy and the follow-up period. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess study quality after modification was made to it. Meta-analysis applied the random-effects model to compare the effectiveness when stated as relative risks or mean differences. Results: Amongst the above, 19 studies were considered suitable for inclusion in the present paper. AEED and stem cell therapy demonstrated a better effect than artificial tear on tear film break-up time (TFBUT) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Lipid-based treatments: here, the emulsion-based treatments seem to be slightly superior to the liposome-based treatments in TFBUT and Schirmer’s tests. To grill heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses were conducted on the findings of the meta-analysis. Conclusion: A similarity comparison of autologous serum eye drops and stem cell therapy shows that all parameters of efficacy for DED patients are significantly higher in the second method for increasing TFBUT and OSDI. Lipid preparations in the form of emulsions are not only viable, thus indicating that such novel therapies can aid in the improvement of DED outcomes. More studies must be conducted to describe longer outcomes and fine-tune working procedures.
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