The effect of<i>Sacculina carcini</i>infections on the fouling, burying behaviour and condition of the shore crab,<i>Carcinus maenas</i>

Mouritsen, Kim N.; Jensen, Tomas

doi:10.1080/17451000600874752

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For instance, in the three west coast estuarine webs, killifish infected with trematode metacercariae are 10–30 times more likely to be eaten by birds than are uninfected killifish (Lafferty and Morris 1996). It is also possible that parasite infections alter the energetic value of infected prey (Mouritsen and Jensen 2006, Sánchez et al 2009). Parasites can also contribute energy to food webs via the production of free‐living stages, many of which were eaten in the food webs analysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator infection and parasite transmission

Thieltges

Amundsen

Hechinger

et al. 2013

Oikos

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While the recent inclusion of parasites into food-web studies has highlighted the role of parasites as consumers, there is accumulating evidence that parasites can also serve as prey for predators. Here we investigated empirical patterns of predation on parasites and their relationships with parasite transmission in eight topological food webs representing marine and freshwater ecosystems. Within each food web, we examined links in the typical predator -prey sub web as well as the predator -parasite sub web, i.e. the quadrant of the food web indicating which predators eat parasites. Most predatorparasite links represented ' concomitant predation ' (consumption and death of a parasite along with the prey/host; 58 -72%), followed by ' trophic transmission ' (predator feeds on infected prey and becomes infected; 8 -32%) and predation on free-living parasite life-cycle stages (4 -30%). Parasite life-cycle stages had, on average, between 4.2 and 14.2 predators. Among the food webs, as predator richness increased, the number of links exploited by trophically transmitted parasites increased at about the same rate as did the number of links where these stages serve as prey. On the whole, our analyses suggest that predation on parasites has important consequences for both predators and parasites, and food web structure. Because our analysis is solely based on topological webs, determining the strength of these interactions is a promising avenue for future research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator infection and parasite transmission

Thieltges

Amundsen

Hechinger

et al. 2013

Oikos

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“…In the native European population C. maenas infected with the rhizocephalan parasite Sacculina carcini are much more likely to be fouled than non-infected crabs [258,259]. The authors are not aware of any published information on C.…”

Section: Epibiontsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Infected crabs are castrated by the parasite and cease molting [259,263,264]. As is the case with many species, green crabs in non-native populations are substantially less infected by parasites than in the native population, which is another reason why C. maenas is such a successful invader [260].…”

Section: Pathogens and Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PopulationDynamics of Green Crabs (Carcinus maenas) -- A Review

Young¹,

Elliott²

2018

Preprint

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Carcinus maenas (the "shore crab" or "European green crab") is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world's 100 worst invaders by the IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has established two well-studied nonindigenous populations in the northwestern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific and lessstudied populations in Australia, Argentina and South Africa. Green crabs are eurythermal and euryhaline as adults, but they are limited to temperate coastlines due to more restrictive temperature requirements for breeding and larval development. They cannot tolerate wave-swept open shores so are found in wave-protected sheltered bays, estuaries and harbors. C. maenas has been the subject of numerous papers, with over 1000 published in the past decade. This literature review provides an up-to-date account of the current published information on the population dynamics of this very important species, including habitat preferences, physical parameter tolerances, reproduction and larval development, sizes of crabs, densities of populations, sex ratios, ecosystem dynamics and ecological impacts in the various established global populations of green crabs.

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“…Abello and Corbera (1996) showed that infestations with the bryozoan Triticella flava Dalyell, 1848 were significantly greater in Goneplax rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1758) infected with an unidentified parasitic barnacle. That rhizocephalan infections can be an unequivocal factor in increasing the prevalence and intensity of epibionts in Carcinus maenas from Danish waters was shown by Mouritsen and Jensen (2006). In .1100 crabs examined, 75% of sacculinized crabs (Sacculina carcini Thompson, 1836) had a variety of epibionts compared to only 29% of the uninfected animals.…”

Section: Diversity Prevalence and Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectosymbionts of the non‐indigenous Asian shore crab,Hemigrapsus sanguineus(Decapoda: Varunidae), in the western north Atlantic, and a search for its parasites

McDermott

2007

Journal of Natural History

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Over 560 Asian shore crabs, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, collected mainly in the spring of 2005 and 2006 from rocky intertidal locations in southern New Jersey, were examined for epibionts. Small numbers of the sympatric green crab, Carcinus maenas, and the Atlantic mud crab, Panopeus herbstii, were examined for epifauna to compare with H. sanguineus. Blue mussel spat, Mytilus edulis, and the encrusting, cheilostome bryozoan, Conopeum tenuissimum, were the dominant ectosymbionts of the shore crab, with prevalences of 22.2 and 32.1%, respectively; ranges of intensity were 1-146 spat/crab and 1-31 colonies/crab. Both species are incidental symbionts. Larger crabs had higher prevalences and intensities of C. tenuissimum colonies, and these colonies displayed a distinct pattern of attachment to the carapace which seemed to be related to crab morphology and habitat. Much less common was the encrusting, ctenostome bryozoan Alcyonidium albescens, a facultative symbiont species with a prevalence of 3.4%. Other epibionts were the encrusting, cheilostome Membranipora tenuis, the tubicolous polychaetes Hydroides dianthus, Sabellaria vulgaris, and Spirorbis sp., the barnacles Balanus improvisus and Semibalanus balanoides, and unidentified thecate hydroids, all incidental symbionts with prevalences from 0.2 to 3.2%. The total number of known ectosymbionts of H. sanguineus, including additional species found previously in the USA and the western Pacific, is 13. Carcinus maenas and P. herbstii share some of the same symbionts. Rhizocephalan externae were not observed in any of the crab species used in this study, nor were gill parasites or internal parasites found among 248 specimens of H. sanguineus.

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The effect ofSacculina carciniinfections on the fouling, burying behaviour and condition of the shore crab,Carcinus maenas

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator infection and parasite transmission

Parasites as prey in aquatic food webs: implications for predator infection and parasite transmission

PopulationDynamics of Green Crabs (Carcinus maenas) -- A Review

Ectosymbionts of the non‐indigenous Asian shore crab,Hemigrapsus sanguineus(Decapoda: Varunidae), in the western north Atlantic, and a search for its parasites

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