The effect of IgG fraction from blood plasma of patients with acute coronary syndromes on the parameters of primary haemostasis

Abstract

Coronary heart disease is the most common form of cardiovascular disease, which is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Today, the search for effector molecules of endogenous origin and investigation of their possible role as new therapeutic targets and biological markers are underway. Among such molecules, special attention should be paid to immunoglobulins G (IgG), which accumulate in the general bloodstream in response to the appearance in the body of atypical and modified proteins, as well as their fragments, which is a natural consequence of activation of inflammatory and hypercoagulation reactions under coronary heart disease. In this study, in experimentsin vitro, we investigated the effect of IgG obtained from the serum of patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction on platelet aggregation and endothelin-1 and von Willebrand factor secretion by cells in HUVEC culture. We did not observe any effect of IgG obtained from the serum of patients with coronary heart disease, both on platelet activation and on the dynamics of ADP-dependent cell aggregation. However, the addition of IgG to the HUVEC cell culture medium showed an increase in cell secretion of both von Willebrand factor and endothelin-1. High concentrations of von Willebrand factor in the systemic circulation can cause an increase in prothrombotic potential, while the accumulation of endothelin-1 may contribute to the development of hypoxia in both the myocardium and other peripheral tissues. All this can lead to disruption of coagulation processes, and, as a consequence, the development and progression of complications of coronary heart disease. It should be noted that antibodies obtained from the serum of patients with progressive unstable angina had the most pronounced effect. The obtained results reveal new perspectives in the study of the effector properties of antibodies and their role in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease.