The effect of imidazolium based ionic liquids on wheat and barley germination and growth: Influence of length and oxygen functionalization of alkyl side chain

Tot, Aleksandar; Vraneš, Milan; Maksimović, Ivana; Putnik-Delić, Marina; Daničić, Milena; Belić, Sanja; Gadžurić, Slobodan

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.066

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Higher inhibition values were noted after addition of higher doses of ILs. Similar results were reported in previous studies [5,8,28,29]. Therefore, we concluded that decrease in the length of the root and shoot is the first symptom of phytotoxicity in plants.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Assaysupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The turgidity of the plant cells decreases, which leads to accumulation of dry matter. In contrast, Liu et al [34] and Tot et al [8] showed that the dry weight content of beans, wheat, and barley decreased under the influence of contact with ILs. The dry weight content likely depends on the conditions under which the research was conducted, i.e., whether it was a hydroponic crop or an experiment was conducted in the soil (natural conditions), as well as the way the compound was applied.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Therefore, in 2003, the Royal Society of Chemistry pointed out the need to precisely determine the impact of ILs on various elements of the environment before using them in industry on a larger scale. After the initial admiration of the ILs and their designation as "green solvents", there have been many reports in the scientific literature on the toxic effects of ILs on different organisms [5][6][7][8][9][10]. ILs can also cause cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or lead to DNA damage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxicity and Effect of Ionic Liquids on Antioxidant Parameters in Spring Barley Seedlings: The Impact of Exposure Time

et al. 2020

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The influence of the ionic liquids (ILs) tetrabutylammonium bromide [TBA][Br], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide [BMIM][Br], and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide [TBP][Br] added at different concentrations to the soil were studied for the growth and development of spring barley seedlings. Samples were harvested at three different time points: day 7, 14, and 21 after addition of ILs. The results show that [TBP][Br] was the most toxic. The introduction of this IL at the dose of 100 mg kg−1 of soil DM decreased the growth of seedlings at all test dates. The addition of the studied ILs to the soil in higher doses resulted in an increase in peroxidase and catalase activity, which may indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress in plants. An increase in the content of plant dry matter weight, contents of H2O2 and proline and a decrease in the content of photosynthetic pigments in barley seedlings were also observed. The malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity fluctuated randomly during the experiment. As a result, it was found that the phytotoxicity of ILs and the magnitude of oxidative stress in seedlings depended more on the added doses of these compounds than on the measurement date.

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Section: Phytotoxicity Assaysupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Phytotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxicity and Effect of Ionic Liquids on Antioxidant Parameters in Spring Barley Seedlings: The Impact of Exposure Time

et al. 2020

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“…The authors quoted stated a clear inhibition of seed germination, which was correlated with increasing concentration of examined ILs in the medium. Other authors (Liu et al 2014;Cvjetko Bubalo et al 2014;Pawłowska et al 2019b;Tot et al 2018a;Vraneš et al 2018) have also reached similar conclusions in their studies on the effect of ionic liquids on the germination power of various higher plant species. However, there are papers (Biczak 2017;Biczak et al 2017) in which the authors did not find any significant influence of ILs on the germination capacity and potential of seeds, which allows concluding that these phytotoxicity parameters are highly dependent on the plant species.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Assay Of Ilssupporting

confidence: 57%

The reaction of cucumber to the introduction of ionic liquids into the soil

Biczak

Pawłowska

Podsiadlo

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This paper presents the influence of two bromides, tetrabutylammonium and tetrabutylphosphonium, on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings. The tests were performed at two dates, i.e. 10 and 20 days, after the introduction of increasing amounts of ionic liquids (ILs) into the soil. The applied ILs showed phytotoxicity dependent mainly on the concentration of the substance, which is proved by the inhibition of the length of aboveground parts and their roots and the yield of cucumber fresh mass, from which EC 50 values were calculated. The phytotoxicity symptoms were the result of oxidative stress, one of the manifestations of which was a decrease in assimilative pigments, linearly correlated with an increase in bromide concentration in the medium. The stress is also proven by the large increase in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and free proline in cucumber leaves. The reaction of this plant to oxidative stress was an increase in the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase. As a result of statistical analysis, it was proved that all changes of biomarkers of phytotoxicity of examined ILs and oxidative stress indicators in cucumber seedlings depended more on the applied concentration of these salts than on the date of the study.

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“…When the concentrations of LB 104 were 0.830 and 1.438 g/L, respectively, half of the capsicum roots and stems were inhibited. Comparing Tables 2 and 3, it is found that the three IILs had more severe inhibition of the root length than the stem length of rice and capsicum plants, and EC 50 of the stem length was greater than that of the root length, indicating that the root system of rice seedlings is more toxic and sensitive than stem and leaves, and IILs have more toxic effects on plant roots than stems [35]. It may be because the root system of the plant is in direct contact with the IILs, while the plant mainly relies on the root system to absorb water from the soil and to provide physiological activities such as plant growth and metabolism and transpiration [36].…”

Section: Ec 50 Concentrations Of Three Iils On Two Kinds Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids on two terrestrial plants

Lin

Yao

et al. 2020

Open Life Sciences

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To determine the toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids (IILs) in terrestrial monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants, three IILs (1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate, and butyl-3-methylimidazolium bi-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide) were investigated using rice and capsicum as target toxicity models. In hydroponic experiments, increasing the concentration of the IILs led to a decrease in the seed germination rate, a decrease in the reduced stem and root lengths, and an increase in the inhibition rate of the stem and root lengths; in addition, as the concentration increased, the reducing sugar content of rice and capsicum seedling leaves and roots first increased and then decreased, while permeability of the cell membranes of the stems and roots of the two plants also gradually increased. In terms of the effects on these indices in rice, the ranking of these three IIL anions was [TF2N]- > [PF6]- > [BF4]-; in terms of the effects on capsicum, the sequence was [BF4]- > [TF2N]- > [PF6]-. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the next step in the synthesis and the use of green ionic liquids.

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The effect of imidazolium based ionic liquids on wheat and barley germination and growth: Influence of length and oxygen functionalization of alkyl side chain

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Phytotoxicity and Effect of Ionic Liquids on Antioxidant Parameters in Spring Barley Seedlings: The Impact of Exposure Time

Phytotoxicity and Effect of Ionic Liquids on Antioxidant Parameters in Spring Barley Seedlings: The Impact of Exposure Time

The reaction of cucumber to the introduction of ionic liquids into the soil

Toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids on two terrestrial plants

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