The effect of immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection on antibody levels, plasmablasts, long-lived-plasma-cells, and IFN-γ release by natural killer cells

Bilgin, Hüseyin; Marku, Marisa; Yılmaz, Sultan Seval; Yağcı, Ayşegül; Sili, Uluhan; Can, Barış; Sarınoğlu, Rabia Can; Durmusoglu, Lutfiye Mulazimoglu; Haklar, Goncagül; Sirikci, Onder; Demiralp, Emel

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.001

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In this context, very recent evidence suggests that the frequency of NKG2C pos NK cells before the vaccination can positively influence the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine ( 121 ). However, by comparing the NK cell responses in subjects receiving two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) and who develop or not COVID-19 after vaccination or subjects experienced for SARS-CoV-2 infection and infused or not with CoronaVac, any differences in terms of IFN- γ release upon overnight stimulation with aspecific NK cell activation stimuli have been observed ( 122 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

et al. 2022

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Natural Killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immunity that play a crucial role in the control of viral infections in the absence of a prior antigen sensitization. Indeed, they display rapid effector functions against target cells with the capability of direct cell killing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Furthermore, NK cells are endowed with immune-modulatory functions innate and adaptive immune responses via the secretion of chemokines/cytokines and by undertaking synergic crosstalks with other innate immune cells, including monocyte/macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils. Recently, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread globally. Although the specific role of NK cells in COVID-19 pathophysiology still need to be explored, mounting evidence indicates that NK cell tissue distribution and effector functions could be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and that a prompt NK cell response could determine a good clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of how SARS-CoV-2 infection interferes with NK cell antiviral effectiveness and their crosstalk with other innate immune cells. We also provide a detailed characterization of the specific NK cell subsets in relation to COVID-19 patient severity generated from publicly available single cell RNA sequencing datasets. Finally, we summarize the possible NK cell-based therapeutic approaches against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the ongoing clinical trials updated at the time of submission of this review. We will also discuss how a deep understanding of NK cell responses could open new possibilities for the treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Killer Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

et al. 2022

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“…45 A cohort study focused on the antibody response after individuals after the first and second dose of vaccine. 47,48 This increased response may be due to the fact that vaccine elicits stronger B cell immunity in patients with a history of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cohort study focused on the antibody response after the second dose of COVID‐19 vaccination with or without history of COVID‐19 infection remarked the significance role of previous COVID‐19 infection on impowered immune response and antibody levels after vaccination 46 . Moreover, in case of anti‐S titers after vaccination, Angyal et al and Bilgin et al reported that anti‐S antibody titers were significantly higher in COVID‐19‐experienced individuals after the first and second dose of vaccine 47,48 . This increased response may be due to the fact that vaccine elicits stronger B cell immunity in patients with a history of COVID‐19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of response to different COVID‐19 vaccines in vaccinated healthcare workers in a single center in Iran

Pourakbari

Mirbeyk

Mahmoudi

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Due to the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and emergent administration of various vaccines worldwide, comprehensive studies on the different aspects of vaccines are in demand. This study evaluated antibody response after the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Children's Medical Center personnel. The blood samples of 174 healthcare workers were gathered at least 10 days after vaccination. The administered vaccines included Oxford/AstraZeneca, COVAXIN, Sinopharm, and Sputnik V. This study assessed all antibodies employing ELISA methods, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody by DiaZist and Pishtazteb kits, anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid by Pishtazteb kit, and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike by Razi kit. The cutoff for the tests' results was calculated according to the instructions of each kit. Totally, 174 individuals with an average age of 40 ± 9years participated in this study, the proportion of men was 31%, and the frequency of past COVID-19 infection was 66 (38%). Sixteen (9%) personnel received Oxford/AstraZeneca, 28 (16%) COVAXIN, 29 (17%) Sinopharm, and 101 (58%) Sputnik V. anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike were positive in 37 (21%), and 163 (94%) participants and their mean level were more in adenoviral-vectored vaccines (p value < 0.0001). Neutralizing antibody was positive in 74% using Pishtazteb kit while 87% using DiaZist kit. All antibodies' levels were significantly higher in those with a past COVID-19 infection (p value < 0.0001). In conclusion, Oxford/AstraZeneca and Sputnik V had a similar outcome of inducing high levels of anti-SARS-Cov-2-spike and neutralizing antibodies, which were more than Sinopharm and COVAXIN. The titers of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid antibody were low in all of these four vaccines.

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“…Several other studies [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] have also ascertained clinical sensitivity of the assay after exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus or vaccine or both, and specificity through evaluation of pre-pandemic specimens. Sensitivities have been reported at time intervals varying from 14 days to 240 days post-exposure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S in ascertaining post-vaccine neutralizing antibodies

Aijaz¹,

Kanani²,

Naseer³

2023

Journal of Clinical Virology Plus

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The effect of immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection on antibody levels, plasmablasts, long-lived-plasma-cells, and IFN-γ release by natural killer cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Natural Killer Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

Natural Killer Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

Evaluation of response to different COVID‐19 vaccines in vaccinated healthcare workers in a single center in Iran

Utility of Roche Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S in ascertaining post-vaccine neutralizing antibodies

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