2008
DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2008.09.011
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The effect of imposed flux on biofouling in reverse osmosis: Role of concentration polarisation and biofilm enhanced osmotic pressure phenomena

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Cited by 135 publications
(88 citation statements)
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“…For PAO1 experiments, a nutrient broth (NB) (Difco, BD) stock solution (8 g liter Ϫ1 ) was used to provide an average nutrient concentration of 24 mg liter Ϫ1 . This is a similar concentration to previous biofouling studies in laboratory-scale RO systems (34)(35)(36)(37) . The system was allowed to mix for a further 1.5 h prior to the start of the experiment.…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 86%
“…For PAO1 experiments, a nutrient broth (NB) (Difco, BD) stock solution (8 g liter Ϫ1 ) was used to provide an average nutrient concentration of 24 mg liter Ϫ1 . This is a similar concentration to previous biofouling studies in laboratory-scale RO systems (34)(35)(36)(37) . The system was allowed to mix for a further 1.5 h prior to the start of the experiment.…”
Section: Methodssupporting
confidence: 86%
“…2B). Interestingly, the fast flux decline by the conditioning organics during the first 50 h of the fouling experiment, under all conditions, had no effect on salt rejection, while during biofilm formation stage, salt rejection is reduced, most likely due to the biofilm enhanced osmotic pressure (BEOP) phenomena reported in previous studies [1,4,9]. In most cases, organic fouling had no effects on CP, furthermore, in some cases improved rejection was detected caused by a ''secondary membrane'' made from the organic fouling layer [33].…”
Section: Effect Of Shear On Permeate Flux Decline and Salt Rejectionmentioning
confidence: 62%
“…The explanation for the differences in salt rejection may be explained by the morphology and compactness of the biofilm. At high shear rate, lower CP can provide the membrane with higher rejection, though, once biofilm layer is extending BEOP phenomena may prevail [1,4].…”
Section: Effect Of Shear On Permeate Flux Decline and Salt Rejectionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…However, bacteria adhere to the membrane surface eventually forming a biofouling layer [2,4,5]. Biofilm formation on membranes has a significant negative effect on process performance through permeate flux decline, loss of retention and increased pressure loss over the membrane elements [6][7][8]. Biofilm removal requires extensive chemical cleaning which is disruptive to the process, may cause damage to the membrane and prevent a full recovery of membrane flux and retention [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%