The effect of incremental endurance exercise training on left ventricular mechanics: a prospective observational deformation imaging study

Aksakal, Enbiya; Kurt, Mustafa; Öztürk, Mehmet; Tanboğa, İbrahi̇m Hali̇l; Kaya, Ahmet; Nacar, Tuncer; Sevimli, Serdar; Gürlertop, Yekta

doi:10.5152/akd.2013.137

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…20 In contrast, short duration longitudinal studies have shown that endurance training is associated with increases in LV apical rotation and LV twist. 15,27 Results from this current, more extended duration, longitudinal study help to resolve this apparent paradox. Specifically, our data show that LV apical rotation and LV twist increase after a short duration of endurance training then regress toward baseline values with continuation of training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Left Ventricular Remodeling Among Competitive Athletes

Weiner

DeLuca

Wang

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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E xercise-induced cardiac remodeling (EICR) refers to changes in cardiac structure and function that occur in response to exercise training. Numerous structural aspects of EICR (ie, athlete's heart) including ventricular chamber enlargement 1 and hypertrophy 2 have been described, and several key determinants of the EICR process including age, 3 sex, 4 ethnicity, 5 and sporting discipline 6,7 have been established. However, contemporary understanding of EICR is based largely on cross-sectional data derived from competitive athletes and instructive but relatively short duration longitudinal studies of recreational exercisers. 8,9 Therefore, the temporal progression of EICR among competitive athletes remains incompletely understood. See Clincial Perspective See Editorial by D'Silva and SharmaThe myocardial response to hemodynamic perturbation occurs in discrete phases in numerous settings. Specifically, physiological remodeling after 12 months of exercise training in previously sedentary people 9 and cardiac adaptations during pregnancy 10 occurs in different stages. In addition, numerous cardiac disease states are defined by phasic adaptations in myocardial structural and function. 11,12 Whether the EICR that occurs among competitive athletes develops in a phasic sequence remains unknown because of the lack of long-term longitudinal data. Determining the time course of EICR represents a critical step in further defining the myocardial response Background-Contemporary understanding of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling is based on cross-sectional data and relatively short duration longitudinal studies. Temporal progression of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling remains incompletely understood. Methods and Results-A longitudinal repeated-measures study design using 2-dimensional and speckle-tracking echocardiography was used to examine acute augmentation phase (AAP; 90 days) and more extended chronic maintenance phase (39 months) left ventricular (LV) structural and functional adaptations to endurance exercise training among competitive male rowers (n=12; age 18.6±0.5 years). LV mass was within normal limits at baseline (93±9 g/ m 2 ), increased after AAP (105±7 g/m 2 ; P=0.001), and further increased after chronic maintenance phase (113±10 g/m 2 ; P<0.001 for comparison to post-AAP). AAP LV hypertrophy was driven by LV dilation (ΔLV end-diastolic volume, 9±3 mL/m 2 ; P=0.004) with stable LV wall thickness (ΔLV wall thickness, 0.3±0.1 mm; P=0.63). In contrast, chronic maintenance phase LV hypertrophy was attributable to LV wall thickening (Δ LV wall thickness, 1.1±0.4 mm; P=0.004) with stable LV chamber volumes (ΔLV end-diastolic volume, 1±1 mL/m 2 ; P=0.48). Early diastolic peak tissue velocity increased during AAP (−11.7±1.9 versus −13.6±1.3 cm/s; P<0.001) and remained similarly increased after chronic maintenance phase. Conclusions-In a small sample of competitive endurance athletes, exercise-induced cardiac remodeling follows a phasic response with increases in LV chamber size, early diastolic function, and sy...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Induced Left Ventricular Remodeling Among Competitive Athletes

Weiner

DeLuca

Wang

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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“…In these cases, LV systolic function is maintained with preserved or increased LVEF. Increased LVEF and LV pump function could be attributed to enhanced LV rotation movement [38,39]. However, in anthracyclineinduced cardiomyopathy, both of the subendocardial and subepicardial helix of fibers were involved [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The early variation of left ventricular twisting function in patients with lymphoma received anthracycline therapy assessed by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography

et al. 2017

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± 4.5° vs. 8.8 ± 3.6° vs. 6.0 ± 3.2°; basal rotation: -7.7 ± 3.0° vs. -5.9 ± 2.6° vs. -4.4 ± 2.5°; twist: 20.0 ± 6.4° vs. 14.5 ± 5.1° vs. 9.8 ± 4.5°; torsion: 2.9 ± 0.9°/cm vs. 2.1 ± 0.9°/cm vs. 1.4 ± 0.7°/cm; all p < 0.01). Furthermore, apical-basal rotation delay increased significantly after two cycles as well as after four cycles of the regimen (38.3 ± 67.9 ms vs. 66.7 ± 73.9 ms vs. 92.6 ± 96.9 ms; p < 0.01). Conclusions: LV twisting function deteriorated in the early stage of anthracycline therapy in patients with lymphoma, which could be detected by 3D-STE sensitively. (Cardiol J 2017; 24, 5: 484-494)

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“…Currently, there are discrepancies in the LV twist literature in athletes that have arisen from the comparison of cross-sectional and short-duration longitudinal studies. Specifically, several cross-sectional reports describe normal or reduced values of resting LV twist in endurance athlete groups such as cyclists [27] or soccer players [28], while short-duration longitudinal studies suggest that endurance training results in increased LV apical rotation and LV twist [29,30]. This apparent paradox is likely to be explained by accounting for the athletes' 'stage of training', with cross-sectional studies having captured more 'seasoned' athletes at advanced levels of training (i.e.…”

Section: Novel Echocardiographic Techniques: Myocardial Mechanical Immentioning

confidence: 99%