The Effect of Individualized Dietary Intervention in Anthropometric Profile Improvement and Metabolic Control of Sedentary Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes in Brazil

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of individualized dietary intervention on nutritional diagnosis and metabolic control in sedentary subjects with type 2-diabetes. Materials and Methods:This controlled clinical trial, investigated 80 adults, of both sexes, divided into intervention group (IG: 40 individuals with dietary intervention and hypoglycemic drug) and control group (CG: 40 individuals with hypoglycemic drug). Individualized dietary intervention was conducted, for 3 months, based on the American Diabetes Association (2002). We evaluated anthropometric variables: total body mass (TBM) and height to calculate body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC); biochemical variables: blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); and dietary variables: energy, macronutrients, cholesterol and fibers. For inferential statistics two-way ANOVA was used with significant level of 95%. Results:In the inter group analysis, the CG showed significant increase in TBM (Δ%=0.78), BMI (Δ%=0.76), WC (Δ%=0.75); whereas IG showed significant decrease in TBM (Δ%=-3.71), BMI (Δ%=-3.77), WC (Δ%=-3.98). In comparing the mean RI inter groups, there was significant difference in energy, lipids, saturated fats, cholesterol, fibers; blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HbA1c. Conclusions:The individualized dietary intervention was efficient in the improvement of anthropometric and biochemical variables of sedentary individuals with type 2 diabetes.