The effect of infection risk on female blood transcriptomics

Gormally, Brenna M. G.; Lopes, Patrícia C.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114139

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Because shifts in behavior and pathology associated with infection could act as social cues of heightened infection risk to uninfected conspecifics, we also examined if perceived risk of infection (seeing sick conspecifics) could alter feeding behavior and macronutrient selection. Separate lines of evidence indicate that social cues can influence feeding behavior and alter physiological responses relevant to immune function (Cornelius et al 2018, Schaller et al 2010, Stevenson et al 2011Love et al 2021, Gormally andLopes 2023). Thus, we predicted that birds exposed to a heightened risk of infection would have physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat and shift feeding behavior in a way that maximizes immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It is also possible that we failed to capture the relevant timing of shifts in physiology following exposure to sick conspecifics. Recent work in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica ) found that females exposed to LPS-challenged males for 3 hours had an upregulation of immune genes in the blood, suggesting that physiological responses to LPS-challenged individuals might happen rapidly post-cue (Gormally and Lopes 2023). Additionally, it might be less costly for organisms to employ behavioral defenses (such as avoidance behavior) rather than physiological immune defenses in response to an immune threat in some settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Love,

Tabb,

Youssef

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Macronutrients, such as proteins and fats, play a vital role in host immunity and can influence host-pathogen dynamics, potentially through dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how feeding behavior and macronutrient selection are influenced by a direct and perceived immune threat and whether shifts in macronutrient intake affect the composition of the gut microbiome, we conducted two experiments. First, we determined if zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets differing in macronutrient ratios. Second, we simulated an infection in birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and quantified feeding behavior in immune challenged and control individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated through shifts in feeding behavior. In the first experiment, protein diets decreased the abundance of the bacterial Phylum Campylobacterota. Further, diet treatment disrupted relationships between gut microbiota alpha diversity and physiological metrics. In the second experiment, LPS induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein, but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced shifts in feeding behavior, physiology, or gut microbiota. However, fat consumption decreased gut microbial diversity regardless of treatment. Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness-induced anorexia and diet-induced shifts in the microbiome could shape host-pathogen interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Love,

Tabb,

Youssef

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because shifts in behaviour and pathology associated with infection could act as social cues of heightened infection risk to uninfected conspecifics, we also examined whether perceived risk of infection (seeing sick conspecifics) could alter feeding behaviour and macronutrient selection. Separate lines of evidence indicate that social cues can influence feeding behaviour (Cornelius et al., 2018) and alter physiological responses relevant to immune function (Gormally & Lopes, 2023; Love et al., 2021; Schaller et al., 2010; Stevenson et al., 2011, 2012). Thus, we predicted that birds exposed to a heightened risk of infection would have physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat and shift feeding behaviour in a way that maximizes immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also possible that we failed to capture the relevant timing of shifts in physiology following exposure to sick conspecifics. Recent work in Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica ) found that females exposed to LPS‐challenged males for 3 h had an upregulation of immune genes in the blood, suggesting that physiological responses to LPS‐challenged individuals might happen rapidly post‐cue (Gormally & Lopes, 2023). Additionally, it might be less costly for organisms to employ behavioural defences (such as avoidance behaviour) rather than physiological immune defences in response to an immune threat in some settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary macronutrients and immune challenge on gut microbiota, physiology and feeding behaviour in zebra finches

Love,

Tabb,

Youssef

et al. 2024

Molecular Ecology

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Macronutrients play a vital role in host immunity and can influence host–pathogen dynamics, potentially through dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how dietary macronutrients affect physiology and gut microbiota and investigate whether feeding behaviour is influenced by an immune threat, we conducted two experiments. First, we determined whether zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets differing in macronutrient ratios. We found the type and amount of diet consumed affected gut microbiota alpha diversity, where microbial richness and Shannon diversity increased with caloric intake in birds fed a high‐fat diet and decreased with caloric intake in birds fed a high protein diet. Diet macronutrient content did not affect physiological metrics, but lower caloric intake was associated with higher complement activity. In our second experiment, we simulated an infection in birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and quantified feeding behaviour in immune challenged and control individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated through shifts in feeding behaviour. LPS induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein, but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced shifts in feeding behaviour, physiology or gut microbiota. Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness‐induced anorexia and diet‐induced shifts in the microbiome could shape host–pathogen interactions.

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Resiliency of the comparative endocrinology community in the face of COVID-19

Carr,

Harris

2024

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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The effect of infection risk on female blood transcriptomics

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?

Effect of dietary macronutrients and immune challenge on gut microbiota, physiology and feeding behaviour in zebra finches

Resiliency of the comparative endocrinology community in the face of COVID-19

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