“…For example, 48% of student enrolment at Kampala International University (KIU) in the 2013/2014 academic year was international students (National Council for Higher Education [NCHE], 2014), while during the 2019/2020 academic year, international students accounted for 2,599 of the total student population of 10,245 at the Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU) (IUIU, 2019b). These students mainly hailed from Rwanda, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Sudan, Japan, and Norway (Ayebare and Onen, 2021;IUIU, 2019a). Although the Uganda National Council for Higher Education [NCHE] (NCHE, 2014) revealed a declining trend in international student exchange, the Observatory on Borderless Higher Education (OBHE) 2012 report estimated that around 10% of Uganda's student population were international students (Murphy, 2019).…”