“…When teaching, Lorencová et al, (2019) suggests the need to cater for "personal (i.e., students' preferences), methodological (i.e., tools, duration, feedback), and contextual (i.e., classroom climate, supportive initiatives) features" (p. 854) through complex teaching procedures, creative preparation, and the use of modern technologies. Students must also feel that the class environment allows them to be unconventional and take risks (Skinner et al, 1994). This shift from traditional modes can be challenging for TEs and PSTs, as it requires a shift in mindset about who is responsible for who's learning, especially within complex and time poor ITE landscapes, along with changes to classroom contexts to allow for risk taking.…”