The Effect of Intimate Partner Violence and Probable Traumatic Brain Injury on Mental Health Outcomes for Black Women

Cimino, Andrea N.; Yi, Grace; Patch, Michelle; Alter, Yasmin; Campbell, Jacquelyn C.; Gundersen, Kristin K.; Tang, Judy T.; Tsuyuki, Kiyomi; Stockman, Jamila K.

doi:10.1080/10926771.2019.1587657

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…With regard to psychopathological outcomes, clinically significant PTSD symptoms were present in 75 women (10.2%) using a NSESSS cutoff of 24 (Cimino et al 2019), and clinically significant anxiety symptoms were present in 160 women (21.7%) using a STAI-Y1 cutoff of 50 (Tersigni et al 2018). The most important factors correlated to high levels of psychopathology were previous diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during “lockdown” in Italy

Ravaldi

Ricca

Wilson

et al. 2020

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Italy was the first COVID-19 pandemic epicenter among European countries and established a period of full "lockdown", consisting of travel bans, mandatory staying at home, and temporary closure of nonessential businesses. Similar measures are known risk factors for psychological disturbances in the general population; still, little is known about their impact on pregnant women's mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. The cross-sectional, web-based, national survey "COVID-19 related Anxiety and StreSs in prEgnancy, poSt-partum and breaStfeeding" (COVID-ASSESS) was conducted during the first month of full "lockdown" in Italy. Participants were recruited via social networks with a snowball technique. The questionnaire was specifically developed to examine COVID-19 concerns and included the psychometric tests National Stressful Events Survey (NSESSS) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to explore the association of the concern, anxiety and PTSD symptoms with age, gestational weeks, parity, days of "lockdown", assisted reproductive technology use, psychopathological history, and previous perinatal losses. Out of 1015 pregnant women reached, 737 (72.6%) fully answered the questionnaire; no woman reported a COVID-19 infection. Median age was 34.4 years [quartiles 31.7, 37.2], median days in "lockdown" were 13.1 [11.0, 17.0], median gestational weeks were 27.8 [19.8, 34.0]. Clinically significant PTSD symptoms were present in 75 women (10.2%, NSESSS cutoff 24) and clinically significant anxiety symptoms were present in 160 women (21.7%, STAI-Y1 cutoff 50). Women were particularly worried about the health of their baby and of their elderly relatives, as well as of the possible impact of pandemic in the future of society. Previous anxiety predicted higher concern and PTSD symptoms; previous depression and anxiety were independently associated with current PTSD symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during “lockdown” in Italy

Ravaldi

Ricca

Wilson

et al. 2020

Arch Womens Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With regard to psychopathological outcomes, clinically significant PTSD symptoms were present in 75 women (10.2%) using a NSESSS cut-off of 24 [7] and clinically significant anxiety symptoms were present in 160 women (21.7%) using a STAI-Y1 cut-off of 50 [8]. The most important factors correlated to high levels of psychopathology were previous diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, women with a history of anxiety or depression showed significantly more PTSD symptoms (figure 1C; no previous psychopathology 12 [7; 17], previous depression or anxiety 16 [10; 22], previous depression and anxiety 19 [11; 25]; p=0.0001). Previous depression and anxiety diagnoses were also independently associated with the risk of developing PTSD symptoms in the multivariate analysis (p=0.004): previous depression OR 2.31 (1.18, 4.50), previous anxiety OR 2.30 (1.38, 3.82), previous depression and anxiety OR 5.66 (2.56, 12.54).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during lockdown in Italy

Ravaldi

Ricca²,

Wilson

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Italy was the first COVID-19 pandemic epicenter among European countries and established a period of full lockdown, consisting of travel bans, mandatory staying at home and temporary closure of non-essential businesses. Similar measures are known risk factors for psychological disturbances in the general population, still very little is known about their impact on pregnant women's mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. The national survey 'COVID-19 related Anxiety and StreSs in prEgnancy, poSt-partum and breaStfeeding' (COVID-ASSESS) was conducted during the first month of full lockdown in Italy. The questionnaire was specifically developed to examine COVID-19 concerns and included the psychometric tests NSESSS for PTSD and STAI-Y for anxiety. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to explore the association of the concern, anxiety and PTSD symptoms with age, gestational weeks, parity, days of lockdown, assisted reproductive technology use, psychopathological history and previous perinatal losses. Out of 1015 pregnant women reached, 737 (72.6%) fully answered the questionnaire; no woman reported a COVID-19 infection. Median age was 34.4 years [quartiles 31.7, 37.2], median days in lockdown were 13.1 [11.0, 17.0], median gestational weeks were 27.8 [19.8, 34.0]. Clinically significant PTSD symptoms were present in 75 women (10.2%, NSESSS cut-off 24) and clinically significant anxiety symptoms were present in 160 women (21.7%, STAI-Y1 cut-off 50). Women were less worried about their own health than the health of their baby and of their elderly relatives. Previous anxiety predicted higher concern and PTSD symptoms; previous depression and anxiety were independently associated with current PTSD symptoms.

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“…Women exposed to physical IPV are more likely to experience psychological distress and cognitive dysfunction relating to brain injury, with one study estimating nearly 75% of survivors may have sustained one or more partner-related brain traumas, where injury severity is negatively associated with cognitive function (i.e., learning, memory, cognitive flexibility) and positively associated with abuse severity and PTSD symptomatology ( Woods, 2000 ; Valera and Berenbaum, 2003 ; Woods et al, 2008 ; Davis, 2014 ; St Ivany and Schminkey, 2016 ; Iverson et al, 2017 ; Campbell et al, 2018 ; Esopenko et al, 2021 ). Women who experience IPV-related TBI are at a heightened risk of worse long-term psychosocial health outcomes, and while some research shows that TBI severity is related to depression and anxiety but independent of PTSD, many studies suggest improved IPV-specific screening tools are critical for more accurate and effective patient care ( Gerber et al, 2014 ; Iverson and Pogoda, 2015 ; Goldin et al, 2016 ; Murray et al, 2016 ; St Ivany and Schminkey, 2016 ; Amoroso and Iverson, 2017 ; Cimino et al, 2019 ; Iverson et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Smirl et al, 2019 ; Haag et al, 2019a , b ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Fortier et al, 2021 ; Meyer et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Injury and Mental Health Among the Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: A Case-Series Exploratory Study

et al. 2021

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors frequently report face, head, and neck as their injury site. Many mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are undiagnosed or underreported among IPV survivors while these injuries may be linked to changes in brain function or pathology. TBI sustained due to IPV often occurs over time and ranges in severity. The aim of this case-series study was to explore risk factors, symptoms, and brain changes unique to survivors of intimate partner violence with suspicion of TBI. This case-series exploratory study examines the potential relationships among IPV, mental health issues, and TBI. Participants of this study included six women: 3 women with a history of IPV without any experience of concussive blunt force to the head, and 3 women with a history of IPV with concussive head trauma. Participants completed 7T MRI of the brain, self-report psychological questionnaires regarding their mental health, relationships, and IPV, and the Structured Clinical Interview. MRI scans were analyzed for cerebral hemorrhage, white matter disturbance, and cortical thinning. Results indicated significant differences in resting-state connectivity among survivors of partner violence as well as differences in relationship dynamics and mental health symptoms. White matter hyperintensities are also observed among the survivors. Developing guidelines and recommendations for TBI-risk screening, referrals, and appropriate service provision is crucial for the effective treatment of TBI-associated IPV. Early and accurate characterization of TBI in survivors of IPV may relieve certain neuropsychological consequences.

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The Effect of Intimate Partner Violence and Probable Traumatic Brain Injury on Mental Health Outcomes for Black Women

Cited by 53 publications

References 49 publications

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during “lockdown” in Italy

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during “lockdown” in Italy

Previous psychopathology predicted severe COVID-19 concern, anxiety and PTSD symptoms in pregnant women during lockdown in Italy

Brain Injury and Mental Health Among the Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: A Case-Series Exploratory Study

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