The Effect of Intranasal Fentanyl on the Emergence Characteristics After Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children Undergoing Surgery for Bilateral Myringotomy Tube Placement

Abstract

We examined the use of nasally administered fentanyl for the relief of agitation or discomfort after placement of bilateral myringotomy tubes in 150 children ages 6 mo to 5 yr using a prospective, double-blinded design. Fentanyl 2 microg/kg was found to reduce the incidence of agitation in these patients.

Fascia iliaca compartment block reduces emergence agitation by providing effective analgesic properties in children

“…In pediatric anesthesia, fentanyl is commonly used for analgesia and for reducing agitation; in several studies, the preemptive analgesic approach such as intravenous (IV) fentanyl 2.5 μg/mL or intranasal fentanyl 2.0 μg/mL successfully reduced emergence agitation [1][2][3].…”

Parental Presence on Emergence: Effect on Postanesthesia Agitation and Parent Satisfaction

“…Several researchers have shown that intraoperative use of analgesics or regional blocks decrease the incidence of PAA in children, [10][11][12] demonstrating the relationship between pain and agitation in children. Other studies have demonstrated a significant incidence of PAA despite adequate analgesia 1,13 or after painless procedures such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 4 suggesting a possible anesthetic-related etiology for this phenomenon.…”

Emergence delirium: a narrative review

“…Dong et al, found that intraoperative remifentanil decreased the incidence of ED in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy [60]. Fentanyl, given either IV 2.5 μg/kg or intranasally 2 μg/kg during moderately painful surgery, has also been shown to decrease emergence agitation in children [61][62][63][64]. Bong et al, confirmed the preventative effects of fentanyl and further identified a lack of fentanyl as an independent risk factor for ED [34].…”