The Effect of Intravitreally Injected Povidone-Iodine onStaphylococcus epidermidisin Rabbit Eyes

Trost, Landon; Kivilcim, Muhamet; Peyman, Gholam A.; Aydin, Eridinc; Kazi, Abdul Ahed

doi:10.1089/jop.2006.0076

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…At this concentration, no retinal toxicity was observed and the electroretinogram remained unaltered. Those results have recently been reconfirmed [11] but the efficacy of PVI in concentrations up to 0.1% proved to be insufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In a recent study, Trost et al [11] suggested that 400 g of PVI can be tolerated intravitreally in rabbit eyes with no noticeable damage over a 14-day period. They also showed that 0.1% given intravitreally had no statistically significant effect on rabbit eyes injected intravitreally with 3,030 CFU of S. epidermidis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more recent study by Trost et al [11] confirms the results concerning the toxicity of PVI in vivo but failed to prove the efficacy of PVI in concentrations up to 0.1% for the prevention and treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis.…”

Section: Aimmentioning

confidence: 95%

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The Efficacy of Intravitreal Povidone Iodine Application in Experimental Staphylococcus epidermidis Endophthalmitis

et al. 2009

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Aim: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the role of povidone iodine (PVI) in the management of experimental bacterial endophthalmitis in young rabbits. Method: Twenty white rabbits were used. Colony-forming units (CFU) of Staphylococcus epidermidis were injected intravitreally into the right eye of each animal. Injected eyes were evaluated clinically daily (anterior and posterior segment examination), and when clinical signs of endophthalmitis appeared, an injection of 0.1 ml PVI was made intravitreally. In group 1 (n = 10), the injected concentration of PVI was 0.1%, and in group 2 (n = 10) the concentration was 0.2%. At the end of the observation period, vitreous sample culture was made, and vitreous and retina specimens were taken for light histology examination as well. Results: Group 1 eyes did not show any signs of clinical improvement. Vitreous culture showed the presence of 10⁸ CFU/ml of S. epidermidis. Histological examination indicated acute inflammation. Group 2 animals presented a clear gradual regression of the inflammation. Vitreous culture for S. epidermidis proved to be sterile. Histological examination indicated chronic inflammation. Conclusions: Intravitreal injection of 0.2% PVI is likely to inhibit bacterial endophthalmitis of rabbit eyes due to S. epidermidis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Intravitreal Povidone Iodine Application in Experimental Staphylococcus epidermidis Endophthalmitis

et al. 2009

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“…1) 2.5% 1.5% 0.05 ml 15) 5% 0.1 ml 16) 0.05 0.5% 15) 0.005% 10% 10% 0.1% ( Fig. 2) 17) 2.5 10% (30 120 ) 0.1 1.0% (15 ) 18) 0.05 0.5% 0.1% 0.05 0.5% 0.25% 5, 19) 0.25% (Table 1) Fig.…”

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“…2) 17) 2.5 10% (30 120 ) 0.1 1.0% (15 ) 18) 0.05 0.5% 0.1% 0.05 0.5% 0.25% 5, 19) 0.25% (Table 1) Fig. 1 Safe and effective concentrations of povidone-iodine from the literature 15,16) . Diagram shows ocular toxic concentrations of povidone-iodine administered by different routes to rabbit eyes (shaded) (1 to 5%), effective bactericidal concentration against bacteria in vitro (0.005 to 10%), safe and highly effective concentrations of povidone-iodine administered to rabbit eyes (0.05 to 0.5%), and 0.25% povidone-iodine concentration used for repeated surface irrigation during surgery (highly effective and non-toxic) The bactericidal effect of povidone-iodine is the highest at a concentration of 0.1%.…”

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confidence: 99%

New Concept of Infection Prevention

Shimada¹

2013

Nichidai Igaku Zasshi

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Normal bacterial flora can be isolated from the conjunctiva in 60-98% of healthy adults. Normal conjunctival flora can be reduced to around 20% by using the conventional procedures of disinfecting the eyelid and ocular surface with povidone-iodine prior to surgery and physically washing the operative field with saline during surgery. Since bacteria on the ocular surface can gain entrance into the eye via instruments and other means, endophthalmitis occurs in 1 in 2,000 cases (0.05%) after cataract surgery. Endophthalmitis is the most serious postoperative infection, and the visual outcome is often poor, even with appropriate treatments. Reports of experimental studies in the literature suggest that povidoneiodine concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.5% are highly bactericidal and non-toxic to eye tissues. From these basic scientific data, we proposed a method of "transient sterilization of the operative field" by repeated irrigation of the surgical field with 0.25% povidone-iodine during intraocular surgery. Our irrigation method combines the effect of physically washing off bacteria, as achieved with conventional saline washing, together with the bactericidal effect of povidone-iodine. We have used this method in a large number of intraocular surgeries, and have encountered no cases of endophthalmitis and no ocular complications, such as corneal injury. This simple and low-cost technique is also an infection prevention method that has no risk of inducing resistant bacteria.

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Effects of povidone‐iodine composite on the elimination of bacterial biofilm

Jeronimo

Choi

Yeon

et al. 2020

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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BackgroundPovidone‐iodine (PVP‐I) is well known as an antiseptic and exhibits extensive activity against various pathogens. However, due to its uniquely unpleasant nature, it cannot be used locally to deactivate various sinonasal pathogens. Therefore, we developed a PVP‐I composite that blocks the unpleasant odor of PVP‐I for use as a local antiseptic in the sinonasal cavity and evaluated its effect on bacterial biofilm's formation and elimination in in vivo and in vitro models.MethodsMTT, lactate dehydrogenase, and live/dead staining assay were performed to examine the cellular toxicity of PVP‐I composites on the primary human nasal epithelial and RPMI 2650 cells. Crystal violet assay was performed to quantify bacterial biofilm after treating with various agents, including PVP‐I and antibiotics. Hematoxylin‐and‐eosin staining, live/dead staining assay, and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to evaluate the effect of PVP‐I on biofilm formation in a mice biofilm model.ResultsIt was observed that the PVP‐I composite did not have any significant toxic effect on the nasal epithelial cells. Furthermore, the PVP‐I composite effectively inhibited the formation of bacterial biomass within a dose‐dependent manner after 48 hours of incubation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In mice, it effectively eliminated biofilm from the mucosa of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus at the tested concentrations.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that the PVP‐I composite is a promising compound that could be used locally to prevent the formation of biofilms and to eliminate them from the sinonasal cavity.

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The Effect of Intravitreally Injected Povidone-Iodine onStaphylococcus epidermidisin Rabbit Eyes

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

The Efficacy of Intravitreal Povidone Iodine Application in Experimental <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Endophthalmitis

The Efficacy of Intravitreal Povidone Iodine Application in Experimental <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> Endophthalmitis

New Concept of Infection Prevention

Effects of povidone‐iodine composite on the elimination of bacterial biofilm

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