The effect of isocaloric, energy-restrictive, KETOgenic diet on metabolism, inflammation, nutrition deficiencies and oxidative stress in women with overweight and obesity (KETO-MINOX): Study protocol

Abstract

Obesity is considered one of the biggest health problems of the 21st century, becoming a worldwide epidemic, leading to the development of many diseases and increasing the risk of premature death. The first step in reducing body weight is a calorie-restricted diet. To date, there are many different diet types available, including the ketogenic diet (KD) which is recently gaining a lot of attention. However, all the physiological consequences of KD in the human body are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an eight-week, isocaloric, energy-restricted, KD as a weight management solution in women with overweight and obesity compared to a standard, balanced diet with the same calorie content. The primary outcome is to evaluate the effects of a KD on body weight and composition. The secondary outcomes are to evaluate the effect of KD-related weight loss on inflammation, oxidative stress, nutritional status, profiles of metabolites in breath, which informs about the metabolic changes in the body, obesity and diabetes-associated parameters, including a lipid profile, status of adipokines and hormones. Notably, in this trial, the long-term effects and efficiency of the KD will be studied. In summary, the proposed study will fill the gap in knowledge about the effects of KD on inflammation, obesity-associated parameters, nutritional deficiencies, oxidative stress and metabolism in a single study. ClinicalTrail.gov registration number: NCT05652972.

Modulation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in traumatic brain injury

“…(2) Ketogenic diet: The benefits of fasting can potentially be obtained by following a ketogenic diet characterized by low carbohydrate intake and a high proportion of fat, which is thought to mimic certain aspects of starvation by inducing a shift in whole-body metabolism toward increased fat oxidation and the production of ketone bodies [37]. There are various types of ketogenic diets 4 : 1, 3 : 1, 2 : 1 based on the lipid: carbohydrate ratio [38].…”

Current Perspective About the Effect of a Ketogenic Diet on Oxidative Stress – a Review

“…The analysis of the clinical trial database (clinicaltrial.gov) indicated that there are two ongoing studies evaluating the effect of KD on OS and mitochondrial functions in subjects with obesity. In the first study, the study protocol of which can be found in my previous work [Drabińska et al, 2023], the OS markers, including MDA, uric acid, SOD, F 2 -IsoPs and 8-oxo-dG, will be analyzed in samples collected from 80 women following KD for 8 weeks. The second study will measure mitochondrial functions and OS in 63 participants with obesity divided into four groups: (1) KD group; (2) calorie-restricted standard diet group; (3) intermittent fasting 16/8; and (4) usual diet [U.S. National Institutes of Health, 2023].…”