The Effect of Job–Education Vertical Mismatch on Wages Among Recent PhD Graduates: Evidence From an Instrumental Variable Analysis

Gaeta, Giuseppe Lucio; Lavadera, Giuseppe Lubrano

doi:10.1007/s40797-021-00167-y

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…5,000 observations have been lost. However, we decided to include it in our estimations given its theoretical importance (Castagnetti et al ., 2018; Caroleo and Pastore, 2018; Gaeta et al ., 2021) and considering that OB estimations are robust after dropping this variable (results are available upon request).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender pay-gap: exploring the school-to-work transition of graduates in Italy

Ferri¹,

García-Pereiro

Pace

2022

IJM

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PurposeIn this article, the authors study the gender pay-gap (GPG) among graduates in Italy (2011 cohort) who were employed four years after graduation. The authors focus on individuals who are new entering in the labour market or who match a low level of experience with a high level of education.Design/methodology/approachAimed at estimating the amount of the differential between male and female average wages, the authors have applied the Oaxaca–Blinder (O–B) decomposition. The results identify the presence of a GPG at the very beginning of graduates’ careers given that, shortly after graduation, women receive lower salaries than men, even after controlling for several characteristics (individual, academic, job and local labour market). The authors completed the analysis with the reweighted O–B decomposition using the recentered influence function (RIF) and the Juhn, Murphy and Pierce and Machado and Mata decomposition approaches.FindingsThe results show that the GPG is already present at the very beginning of graduates’ careers, and it increases when correcting for women’s lower level of participation in the labour market. The authors also identified sticky floor and the glass ceiling effects due to the existence of a relevant high GPG both at the bottom and the top of the graduates’ wage distribution.Originality/valueBy focussing attention particularly on graduates, this paper adds to the existing literature a deeper understanding not only of individuals who have recently entered the labour market, but also those who are highly skilled but have little on-the-job experience. In fact, the authors are looking at a particular sample (graduates who are all transitioning from university to work during the same period) with small heterogeneity which allows the authors to compare very similar young men and women graduates and gain a deeper understanding of GPGs in early careers while controlling for confounding and hidden sources of variability.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender pay-gap: exploring the school-to-work transition of graduates in Italy

Ferri¹,

García-Pereiro

Pace

2022

IJM

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“…Labor is an input not just in the manufacturing process but also in the provision of nonproduction services needed to organize production. The relative productivity of low-skilled and high-skilled labor in production processes can be affected by changes in production techniques and organizational approaches (Jackman and Lorde, 2021; Gaeta et al , 2021). Many economists believe that the ratio of high-skilled labor to low-skilled labor has risen across countries and industries (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of trade openness, human capital, public expenditure and institutional performance on unemployment: evidence from OIC countries

Ali

Yusop

Kaliappan

et al. 2021

IJM

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Purpose This study examines the impact of trade openness, human capital, public expenditure and institutional performance on unemployment in various income groups of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. Design/methodology/approach Traditional panel data methodologies neglect the issue of cross-sectional dependence and provide ambiguous outcomes. A novel approach, “dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE)”, is utilized in this study to tackle with aforementioned issue. Pooled mean group (PMG) estimation is also applied to verify the robustness of the findings. Findings The long-run estimates show that trade openness has a significant and negative relationship with the unemployment rate in overall and lower-income OIC economies and a positive correlation with unemployment in higher-income OIC countries. Public expenditure is negatively and significantly correlated with unemployment in higher-income and overall OIC economies. Moreover, human capital reduces unemployment in higher-income and overall OIC countries while increases unemployment in lower-income OIC economies. Practical implications The research tends to endorse the argument for continuous trade openness policy along with efficient use of public expenditure and improved institutional performance to reduce unemployment in OIC countries. Originality/value The DCCE approach in this research considers heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence between cross-sectional units and thus gives robust outcomes.

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“…Namun begitu, peningkatan yang drastik dalam pelaburan pendidikan telah menghasilkan lebihan penawaran modal insan yang berpendidikan tinggi. Isu lambakan pekerja yang berpendidikan lebih tinggi daripada keperluan pekerjaannya boleh memberikan kesan ketara di pelbagai negara (Battu & Bender 2020;Diem 2015;Gaeta 2022;Garcia-Rubiales 2004;Igna & Venturini 2019;Kucel 2011;Tang & Wang 2021). Peningkatan modal sumber manusia yang berkualiti sepatutnya dapat memacu pembangunan ekonomi sesebuah negara dengan lebih berkesan dan holistik.…”

Section: Pengenalanunclassified

Kesan Ketakpadanan Pendidikan-Pekerjaan ke atas Guna Tenaga Sektor Awam

2023

JEM

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Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tempoh masa yang diambil oleh seseorang untuk bekerja dalam sektor awam. Secara spesifiknya, kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengkaji perbezaan antara mereka yang mempunyai tingkat pendidikan minimum yang diperlukan oleh sesuatu pekerjaan dengan mereka yang mempunyai tingkat pendidikan yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan tingkat minimum yang diperlukan oleh pekerjaan dalam sektor awam tersebut. Kajian menggunakan data yang dikumpulkan daripada 501 sampel kakitangan sektor awam di Malaysia merangkumi sektor ekonomi, sosial, pentadbiran awam, keselamatan dan sektor infrastuktur pada tahun 2015. Dengan menggunakan regresi, hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pekerja yang berpendidikan lebih tinggi mengambil masa yang lebih lama sebelum memilih untuk bekerja dalam sektor awam berbanding dengan pekerja yang mempunyai kelayakan minimum. Selain itu, pekerja lelaki mengambil tempoh masa yang lebih lama untuk memasuki sektor awam dan ini menunjukkan bahawa lelaki bersifat lebih selektif dalam memilih pekerjaan dalam sektor awam. Ketakpadanan pekerjaan berkemungkinan akan menyebabkan tahap motivasi pekerja menurun kerana menerima tingkat upah lebih rendah daripada sepatutnya. Ini boleh menjejaskan tingkat produktiviti sesebuah firma seterusnya memberikan kesan yang lebih besar kepada rantaian ekonomi negara dan masalah pengangguran geseran.

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The Effect of Job–Education Vertical Mismatch on Wages Among Recent PhD Graduates: Evidence From an Instrumental Variable Analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Gender pay-gap: exploring the school-to-work transition of graduates in Italy

Gender pay-gap: exploring the school-to-work transition of graduates in Italy

Impact of trade openness, human capital, public expenditure and institutional performance on unemployment: evidence from OIC countries

Kesan Ketakpadanan Pendidikan-Pekerjaan ke atas Guna Tenaga Sektor Awam

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