The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on plasma carnitine levels and various performance parameters of male marathon athletes

Swart, I.; Rossouw, J.; Loots, J.M.; Krüger, M.

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(97)00005-5

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Nonetheless, reports of carnitine effects have appeared [28,50,54]. All of these studies, both positive and negative, suffer from the dosage limitations discussed above.…”

Section: Methodologic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs

Brass

Hiatt

1998

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Carnitine is critical for normal skeletal muscle bioenergetics. Carnitine has a dual role as it is required for long-chain fatty acid oxidation, and also shuttles accumulated acyl groups out of the mitochondria. Muscle requires optimization of both of these metabolic processes during peak exercise performance. Theoretically, carnitine availability may become limiting for either fatty acid oxidation or the removal of acyl-CoAs during exercise. Despite the theoretical basis for carnitine supplementation in otherwise healthy persons to improve exercise performance, clinical data have not demonstrated consistent benefits of carnitine administration. Additionally, most of the anticipated metabolic effects of carnitine supplementation have not been observed in healthy persons. The failure to demonstrate clinical efficacy of carnitine may reflect the complex pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of carnitine supplementation, the challenges of clinical trial design for performance endpoints, or the adequacy of endogenous carnitine content to meet even extreme metabolic demands in the healthy state. In patients with end stage renal disease there is evidence of impaired cellular metabolism, the accumulation of metabolic intermediates and increased carnitine demands to support acylcarnitine production. Years of nutritional changes and dialysis therapy may also lower skeletal muscle carnitine content in these patients. Preliminary data have demonstrated beneficial effects of carnitine supplementation to improve muscle function and exercise capacity in these patients. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is also associated with altered muscle metabolic function and endogenous acylcarnitine accumulation. Therapy with either carnitine or propionylcarnitine has been shown to increase claudication-limited exercise capacity in patients with PAD. Further clinical research is needed to define the optimal use of carnitine and acylcarnitines as therapeutic modalities to improve exercise performance in disease states, and any potential benefit in healthy individuals.

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“…Nonetheless, reports of carnitine effects have appeared [28,50,54]. All of these studies, both positive and negative, suffer from the dosage limitations discussed above.…”

Section: Methodologic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs

Brass

Hiatt

1998

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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“…One uncontrolled, open label human intervention study investigated the effect of L-carnitine supplementation (2 g/day for six weeks) on endurance capacity assessed using progressive treadmill tests until exhaustion in seven elite male marathon runners (Swart et al, 1997). The Panel notes the uncontrolled nature of the study, and considers that no conclusions can be drawn from this study for the scientific substantiation of the claim.…”

Section: Increase In Endurance Capacity (Id 4305 4684)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to L-carnitine and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise (ID 738, 1492, 1493), skeletal muscle tissue repair (ID 738, 1492, 1493), increase in endurance capacity (ID 4305, 4684

2011

EFSA Journal

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“…En consecuencia, la carnitina juega un papel importante en el proceso de β-oxidación mitocondrial 10 , pudiendo ser usada para incrementar el rendimiento atlético y mantener una carga determinada de trabajo 10 ; pero ese efecto sobre la transmisión neuromuscular aún no fue muy investigado 11 , inclusive se sabe muy poco en relación al efecto del entrenamiento sobre el contenido de L-carnitina en las células musculares 12 y merece ser estudiado. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de la suplementación de L-carnitina sobre el nivel de fatiga muscular del músculo gastrocnemio de ratas sedentarias y entrenadas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efectos de la suplementación de carnitina sobre el nivel de fatiga muscular del gastrocnemio de ratas entrenadas y sedentárias

Gomez

Arruda

Ramos

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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BY Efectos de la suplementación de carnitina sobre el nivel de fatiga muscular del gastrocnemio de ratas entrenadas y sedentarias Effect of carnitine supplementation on fatigue level in the gastrocnemius muscle of trained and sedentary ratsRossana Gomez Campos Resumo -La L-carnitina tiene un gran valor en procesos metabólicos al cumplir un papel importante en el proceso de β-oxidación mitocondrial, por lo cual, podría ser usada para mejorar el rendimiento atlético y mantener una carga de trabajo. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo evaluar los efectos de la suplementación de L-carnitina y del entrenamiento en el tiempo necesario a la inducción de la fatiga muscular en preparaciones in situ del nervio ciático y músculo gastronemio en ratas. Cuatro grupos de animales fueron constituidos: sedentario no suplementado (SNS), sedentario suplementado (SS), entrenado no suplementado (ENS) y entrenado suplementado (ES). El entrenamiento fue realizado en sesiones diarias (1h/5dias/semana) y con suplementación oral crónica de L-Carnitina (1mg/ml) por 4 semanas. La fatiga muscular fue obtenida mediante estimulación supramaximal tetánica del nervio ciático (50 Hz). Los valores del tiempo para la reducción de fuerza fueron significativamente diferentes (p<0,05) entre los grupos SNS vs SS y ENS vs ES, respectivamente. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos ES vs SS y ENS vs SNS. Estos resultados demuestran que la L-carnitina prolongo el tiempo necesario para la reducción de fuerza a nivel del músculo gastrocnemio.

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The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on plasma carnitine levels and various performance parameters of male marathon athletes

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs

The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to L-carnitine and faster recovery from muscle fatigue after exercise (ID 738, 1492, 1493), skeletal muscle tissue repair (ID 738, 1492, 1493), increase in endurance capacity (ID 4305, 4684

Efectos de la suplementación de carnitina sobre el nivel de fatiga muscular del gastrocnemio de ratas entrenadas y sedentárias

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