The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional meta-analyses

Musazadeh, Vali; Alinejad, Hanie; Esfahani, Niloofar Kouhi; Kavyani, Zeynab; Keramati, Majid; Roshanravan, Neda; Mosharkesh, Erfan; Dehghan, Parvin

doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1214734

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…l -Carnitine, a vital human nutrient, is traditionally recognized for its role in transferring long-chain fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix and subsequent promotion of energy metabolism and ATP production by activating the β-oxidation of fatty acids. Recent research has highlighted its potential in ameliorating various metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia, 3 hyperglycemia, 4 and obesity. 2 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…l -trimethyl-3-hydroxy-ammoniabutanoate, commonly known as l -carnitine, is an amino acid derivative that has a pivotal role in orchestrating a multitude of essential biological processes. 2 3 4 l -carnitine plays a central role in mitochondrial function, facilitating fatty acid metabolism, and contributing to ATP production. l -carnitine deficiency can give rise to various metabolic disorders, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and polycystic ovarian syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential utility of l-carnitine for preventing liver tumors derived from metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis

Lyu,

Okada,

Sunagozaka

et al. 2024

Hepatology Communications

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Background: Recent reports have unveiled the potential utility of l-carnitine to alleviate metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) by enhancing mitochondrial metabolic function. However, its efficacy at preventing the development of HCC has not been assessed fully. Methods: l-carnitine (2 g/d) was administered to 11 patients with MASH for 10 weeks, and blood liver function tests were performed. Five patients received a serial liver biopsy, and liver histology and hepatic gene expression were evaluated using this tissue. An atherogenic plus high-fat diet MASH mouse model received long-term l-carnitine administration, and liver histology and liver tumor development were evaluated. Results: Ten-week l-carnitine administration significantly improved serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels along with a histological improvement in the NAFLD activity score, while steatosis and fibrosis were not improved. Gene expression profiling revealed a significant improvement in the inflammation and profibrotic gene signature as well as the recovery of lipid metabolism. Long-term l-carnitine administration to atherogenic plus high-fat diet MASH mice substantially improved liver histology (inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis) and significantly reduced the incidence of liver tumors. l-carnitine directly reduced the expression of the MASH-associated and stress-induced transcriptional factor early growth response 1. Early growth response 1 activated the promoter activity of neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9), an oncogenic protein. Thus, l-carnitine reduced the activation of the NEDD9, focal adhesion kinase 1, and AKT oncogenic signaling pathway. Conclusions: Short-term l-carnitine administration ameliorated MASH through its anti-inflammatory effects. Long-term l-carnitine administration potentially improved the steatosis and fibrosis of MASH and may eventually reduce the risk of HCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential utility of l-carnitine for preventing liver tumors derived from metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis

Lyu,

Okada,

Sunagozaka

et al. 2024

Hepatology Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum for HIV Risk Populations: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Jin,

Shi,

et al. 2023

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adult patients under hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs

Karimi,

Pirzad,

Pourfaraji

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the global population and leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Hemodialysis is a common treatment for ESRD, but patients often have low carnitine levels, leading to dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of mortality. This study aimed to assess the effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in adult hemodialysis patients.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted across the online databases from inception to June 2024 to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in hemodialysis patients. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed, focusing on primary outcomes, including changes in triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and secondary outcomes including blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI).ResultsA total of 28 RCTs were eligible for the current systematic review, including 1,340 hemodialysis patients (671 intervention, 669 control). There were no significant differences in the mean change of TG (SMD: −0.006; 95% CI, −0.272 to 0.259; P = 0.95), TC (SMD: −0.086; 95% CI, −0.253 to −0.079; P = 0.29), HDL (SMD: 0.060; 95% CI, −0.057 to 0.177; P = 0.29), LDL (SMD: −0.075; 95% CI, −0.274 to 0.123; P = 0.43), VLDL (SMD: −0.064; 95% CI, −0.272 to 0.142; P = 0.51), BMI (SMD: −0.025; 95% CI, −0.139 to 0.088; P = 0.56), systolic BP (SMD: 0.055; 95% CI, −0.110 to 0.220; P = 0.43), and diastolic BP (SMD: −0.028; 95% CI, 0.156 to 0.099; P = 0.56). The same insignificant findings were observed after conducting a subgroup analysis based on the route of administration (intravenous vs. Oral).ConclusionL-carnitine supplementation does not significantly change and improve the serum lipid profile, including TG, TC, HDL, LDL, and VLDL levels. Additionally, it has no notable effects on BMI, systolic, or diastolic BP.

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The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis on interventional meta-analyses

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Potential utility of l-carnitine for preventing liver tumors derived from metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis

Potential utility of l-carnitine for preventing liver tumors derived from metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care Continuum for HIV Risk Populations: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adult patients under hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs

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