The effect of leaf removal on canopy microclimate, vine performance and grape phenolic composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes in the continental part of Croatia

Anić, Marina; Osrečak, Mirela; Andabaka, Željko; Tomaz, Ivana; Večenaj, Željko; Jelić, Damjan; Kozina, Bernard; Kontić, Jasminka Karoglan; Karoglan, Marko

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110161

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In our study, the removal of leaves in the post fruit set stage caused an increase in the concentration of total phenols, phenolic acids and flavonols. A similar increase has previously been observed by other authors in white and red grape varieties [ 12 , 17 , 18 , 23 ]. This increase is due to higher temperatures from increased sunlight after defoliation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A higher synthesis of flavonols in grapes due to increased sun exposure caused by defoliation has widely been reported by several authors [ 12 , 23 , 27 ]. Indeed, the concentration of flavonols can be considered as an index to assess canopy architecture and the exposure of grapes to solar radiation within the canopies following microclimate management induced by defoliation [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Leaf removal (defoliation) is a grape canopy management practice widely used—from flowering (early defoliation) to fruit set until veraison (traditional defoliation)—to enhance canopy microclimate due to improved air circulation and light penetration [ 8 , 11 , 12 ]. As a result, grapes well-exposed to sunlight have higher sugar, anthocyanin, and phenolic concentrations than shaded grapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Leaf Removal on Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Trebbiano Berries (Vitis vinifera L.)

Quartacci

Sgherri

Pinzino

2022

Plants

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Leaf removal is a canopy management practice widely applied in viticulture to enhance the phenol composition and concentration of grapes, which then results in improved wine quality. Many studies were carried out on red berried varieties, but information on white ones is scanty. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of basal leaf defoliation in post fruit set on the phenol composition, ascorbate level and antioxidant activity of Trebbiano grapes. Electron paramagnetic resonance was also employed to monitor the decay kinetics of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl which allowed the identification of antioxidants with different action rates. The results show that defoliation caused an increase in the phenolic acid (hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids) and flavonol concentrations of berries without changes in the composition. Both ascorbate and antioxidant activity were also enhanced in the berries from defoliated vines. Besides increasing the number of fast-rate antioxidants, leaf removal resulted in the formation of intermediate-rate ones. In the Trebbiano variety, leaf removal in the post fruit set may represent an effective strategy to enhance the phenolic composition and the antioxidant defense system of berries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Leaf Removal on Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Trebbiano Berries (Vitis vinifera L.)

Quartacci

Sgherri

Pinzino

2022

Plants

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“…Light in the canopy has an important influence on grape composition. For example, in one study of 'Merlot' grapes, leaf removal significantly reduced titratable acidity and increased the concentrations of phenols, anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols (Anić et al, 2021). Similarly, 'Riesling' grapes had higher monoterpene alcohols and bound aromatic alcohols (Zoecklein et al, 1998) and 'Sauvignon blanc' grapes showed increased total soluble solids and reduced titratable acidity (Bledsoe et al, 1988) when leaves were removed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in vein length compensate for leaf area lost to lobing in grapevine

Migicovsky

Swift

Helget

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Premise: There is considerable variation in leaf lobing and leaf size, including among grapevines, some of the most well-studied leaves. We examined the relationship between leaf lobing and leaf size across grapevine populations which varied in extent of leaf lobing. Methods: We used homologous landmarking techniques to measure 2,632 leaves across two years in 476 unique, genetically distinct grapevines from 5 biparental crosses which vary primarily in the extent of lobing. We determined to what extent leaf area could explain variation in lobing, vein length, and vein to blade ratio. Results: Although lobing was the primary source of variation in shape across the leaves we measured, leaf area varied only slightly as a function of lobing. Rather, leaf area increases as a function of total major vein length, total branching vein length, and decreases as a function of vein to blade ratio. These relationships are stronger for more highly lobed leaves, with the residuals for each model differing as a function of distal lobing. Conclusions: For a given leaf area, more highly lobed leaves have longer veins and higher vein to blade ratios, allowing them to maintain similar leaf areas despite increased lobing. These findings show how more highly lobed leaves may compensate for what would otherwise result in a reduced leaf area, allowing for increased photosynthetic capacity through similar leaf size.

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“…Light in the canopy has an important influence on grape composition. For example, in one study of 'Merlot' grapes, leaf removal significantly reduced titratable acidity and increased the concentrations of phenols, anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols (Anić et al, 2021). Similarly, 'Riesling' grapes had higher monoterpene alcohols and bound aromatic alcohols (Zoecklein et al, 1998) and 'Sauvignon Blanc' grapes had increased total soluble solids and reduced titratable acidity (Bledsoe et al, 1988) when leaves were removed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in vein length compensate for leaf area lost to lobing in grapevine

Migicovsky

Swift

Helget

et al. 2022

American J of Botany

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Premise Leaf lobing and leaf size vary considerably across and within species, including among grapevines (Vitis spp.), some of the best‐studied leaves. We examined the relationship between leaf lobing and leaf area across grapevine populations that varied in extent of leaf lobing. Methods We used homologous landmarking techniques to measure 2632 leaves across 2 years in 476 unique, genetically distinct grapevines from five biparental crosses that vary primarily in the extent of lobing. We determined to what extent leaf area explained variation in lobing, vein length, and vein to blade ratio. Results Although lobing was the primary source of variation in shape across the leaves we measured, leaf area varied only slightly as a function of lobing. Rather, leaf area increases as a function of total major vein length, total branching vein length, and vein to blade ratio. These relationships are stronger for more highly lobed leaves, with the residuals for each model differing as a function of distal lobing. Conclusions For leaves with different extents of lobing but the same area, the more highly lobed leaves have longer veins and higher vein to blade ratios, allowing them to maintain similar leaf areas despite increased lobing. These findings show how more highly lobed leaves may compensate for what would otherwise result in a reduced leaf area, allowing for increased photosynthetic capacity through similar leaf size.

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The effect of leaf removal on canopy microclimate, vine performance and grape phenolic composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes in the continental part of Croatia

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Impact of Leaf Removal on Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Trebbiano Berries (Vitis vinifera L.)

Impact of Leaf Removal on Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Trebbiano Berries (Vitis vinifera L.)

Increases in vein length compensate for leaf area lost to lobing in grapevine

Increases in vein length compensate for leaf area lost to lobing in grapevine

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