The effect of leisure-time physical activity on the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with manifest arterial disease. The SMART study

Brouwer, B.G.; Visseren, Frank L.J.; Graaf, Yolanda van der

doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.07.031

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Whether the pathogenic mechanism of IR in these cases involves only uremia or other additional factors, i.e., inflammation, similar to other chronic diseases, remains to be investigated. Contrary to other studies, which linked IR to a sedentary lifestyle and to poor physical activity levels in nonrenal failure populations (7,20), in our study no differences in functional capacity were found between the two groups. This possibly could be masked under the already low fitness levels that hemodialysis patients experience (24).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Liver fat, visceral adiposity, and sleep disturbances contribute to the development of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in nondiabetic dialysis patients

Sakkas¹,

Karatzaferi²,

Ζιντζαράς³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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The aim of this study was to identify contributors to IR and to develop a model for predicting glucose intolerance in nondiabetic hemodialysis patients. After a 2-h, 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 34 hemodialysis patients were divided into groups with normal (NGT) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Indices of insulin sensitivity were derived from OGTT data. Measurements included liver and muscle fat infiltration and central adiposity by computed tomography scans, body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometer, sleep quality by full polysomnography, and functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) by a battery of exercise tests and questionnaires. Cut-off points, as well as sensitivity and specificity calculations were based on IR (insulin sensitivity index by Matsuda) using a receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Fifteen patients were assigned to the IGT, and 19 subjects to the NGT group. Intrahepatic fat content and visceral adiposity were significantly higher in the IGT group. IR indices strongly correlated with sleep disturbances, visceral adiposity, functional capacity, and QoL. Visceral adiposity, O 2 desaturation during sleep, intrahepatic fat content, and QoL score fitted into the model for predicting glucose intolerance. A ROC curve analysis identified an intrahepatic fat content of Ͼ3.97% (sensitivity, 100; specificity, 35.7) as the best cutoff point for predicting IR. Visceral and intrahepatic fat content, as well as QoL and sleep seemed to be involved at some point in the development of glucose intolerance in hemodialysis patients. Means of reducing fat depots in the liver and splachnic area might prove promising in combating IR and cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients.insulin sensitivity index by Matsuda; homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance; functional capacity; oral glucose insulin sensitivity; quality of life; quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Liver fat, visceral adiposity, and sleep disturbances contribute to the development of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in nondiabetic dialysis patients

Sakkas¹,

Karatzaferi²,

Ζιντζαράς³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…The SMART study demonstrated that exercise decreased the risk of developing metabolic syndrome by 50% [6], and other studies have shown that exercise decreased C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation [7]. Dietary modification is also effective in treating insulin resistance and the cardiovascular-renal consequences of the metabolic syndrome and obesity [8].…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Benefit of the Mediterranean-Style Diet in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Reisin

2010

Curr Hypertens Rep

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“…The OR for MS in the high leisure-time physical activity group (intense activity more than two times per week, at least 30 min each time) was 0.33 among 4228 60-year-old Swedish men and women (251). In the Second Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) study examining 1097 patients, the prevalence of MS was lower in physically active patients ( > 15 MET/h per week) compared to those who were physically inactive (OR: 0.50) (82). Using self-reported physical activity data obtained from 2164 participants, aged 18 to 92 years old living in Portugal, both higher total physical activity during transportation, work, and household (OR: 0.63 in women; OR: 0.55 in men) and higher leisure-time physical activity levels (OR: 0.86 in women; OR: 0.59 in men) were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of MS (566).…”

Section: Exercise and The Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: Underlying Causes and Modification by Exercise Training

Roberts

Hevener

Barnard

2013

Comprehensive Physiology

467

425

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Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a collection of cardiometabolic risk factors that includes obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Although there has been significant debate regarding the criteria and concept of the syndrome, this clustering of risk factors is unequivocally linked to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Regardless of the true definition, based on current population estimates, nearly 100 million have MS. It is often characterized by insulin resistance, which some have suggested is a major underpinning link between physical inactivity and MS. The purpose of this review is to: (i) provide an overview of the history, causes and clinical aspects of MS, (ii) review the molecular mechanisms of insulin action and the causes of insulin resistance, and (iii) discuss the epidemiological and intervention data on the effects of exercise on MS and insulin sensitivity.

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The effect of leisure-time physical activity on the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with manifest arterial disease. The SMART study

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Liver fat, visceral adiposity, and sleep disturbances contribute to the development of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in nondiabetic dialysis patients

Liver fat, visceral adiposity, and sleep disturbances contribute to the development of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in nondiabetic dialysis patients

The Benefit of the Mediterranean-Style Diet in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes

Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: Underlying Causes and Modification by Exercise Training

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