The effect of level of injury and physical activity on heart rate variability following spinal cord injury

Kyriakides, Athanasios; Poulikakos, Dimitrios; Galata, Angeliki; Konstantinou, Dimitrios; Panagiotopoulos, Elias; Chroni, Elisabeth

doi:10.1080/10790268.2017.1383709

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The present pilot study found that comprehensive evaluation of HRV and vascular age indicators addresses the full spectrum of poor AE, SDNN, and RMSSD in those with SCI. Studies have shown that physical activity, painting, respiratory training, music therapy, and nature therapy have the potential to reduce stress and improve HRV-related disorders and blood vessel structure[ 28 , 31 - 34 ]. Changes in the autonomic system, for example, are readily observed in response to physical exercise in individuals with SCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjustments occur in the cardiac autonomic system as a result of exercise-induced remodeling of damaged axons, which increases sympathetic activity and may help to minimize risk of arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death in those with cervical SCI[ 28 ]. Kyriakides et al [ 31 ] examined the effects of regular physical workouts (four-hour sessions once a week for three months) on reducing the HRV of people with SCI, reporting that all HRV metrics improved in SCI patients who engaged in this exercise program. Other interventions have applied various relaxation techniques to reduce HRV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

Tsou¹,

Shih²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV) and pulse-wave velocity (PWV), indicators of cardiac function, are altered in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), suggesting that autonomic cardiac function and arterial stiffness may underlie the high risk of cardiovascular complications in these patients. No study has simultaneously investigated HRV and PWV in the same patients. AIM To evaluate cardiovascular complications in SCI patients by comparing HRV and PWV between patients with and without SCI. METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study, patients with ( n = 60) and without SCI ( n = 60) were recruited from December 7, 2019 to January 21, 2020. Each participant received a five-minute assessment of HRV and the cardiovascular system using the Medicore HRV Analyzer SA-3000P. Differences in HRV and PWV parameters between participants with and without SCI were statistically examined. RESULTS We observed a significant difference between participants with and without SCI with respect to the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals, square root of the mean sum of squared successive risk ratio interval differences, physical stress index, total power, very-low frequency, low frequency, high frequency, and arterial elasticity. CONCLUSION Patients with SCI have weaker sympathetic and parasympathetic activity as well as lower arterial elasticity compared to those without, suggesting that SCI may increase cardiac function loading.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

Tsou¹,

Shih²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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“…Altered HRV is likely multifactorial, as HRV is influenced by various cardiovascular medications, 4 , 64 cardiac conditions, 8 , 27 , 32 neurological conditions, 1 , 12 , 35 anesthetics, 25 , 47 analgesia, 23 and pain. 10 , 24 , 31 , 33 , 44 , 46 , 60 , 62 This review provides some evidence that postsurgical pain itself may alter HRV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scoping review of the association between postsurgical pain and heart rate variability parameters

Balanaser

Klar

et al. 2021

PR9

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“…Unopposed vagal influence on the cardiac SA and AV nodes results in neurogenic bradycardia and risk of AV block; even under maximal exercise influence, peak heart rates seldom exceed 120 beats per minute (bpm). Heart rate variability (HRV) has been assessed with spectral analysis in cervical and high thoracic SCI demonstrating parasympathetic dominance with increased high frequency (HF) domains; variable low frequency (LF) domains may reflect sympathetic or a combination of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. While HRV may provide some indication of relative SNS:PNS activity following acute SCI [ 11 ], it has proven to be a less reliable indicator in chronic SCI and warrants further investigation [ 9 ].…”

Section: Sci Influence On Ans Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomic Dysfunction and Management after Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review

Henke

Billington

Gater

2022

JPM

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS), composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, acts to maintain homeostasis in the body through autonomic influences on the smooth muscle, cardiac muscles, blood vessels, glands and organs of the body. The parasympathetic nervous system interacts via the cranial and sacral segments of the central nervous system, and the sympathetic nervous system arises from the T1–L2 spinal cord segments. After a spinal cord injury (SCI), supraspinal influence on the ANS is disrupted, leading to sympathetic blunting and parasympathetic dominance resulting in cardiac dysrhythmias, systemic hypotension, bronchoconstriction, copious respiratory secretions and uncontrolled bowel, bladder, and sexual dysfunction. Further, afferent signals to the sympathetic cord elicit unabated reflex sympathetic outflow in response to noxious stimuli below the level of SCI. This article outlines the pathophysiology of SCI on the ANS, clinical ramifications of autonomic dysfunction, and the potential long-term sequelae of these influences following SCI.

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The effect of level of injury and physical activity on heart rate variability following spinal cord injury

Abstract: In this cohort of subjects spectral parameters of HRV were associated with the level of the injury. Passive standing was associated with higher HRV values in subjects with paraplegia.

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

Scoping review of the association between postsurgical pain and heart rate variability parameters

Autonomic Dysfunction and Management after Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review

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