The effect of Li, Na, K cations on the reactivities of acrylic acid salts and acrylamide in copolymerization in aqueous medium

Plochocka, Krystyna; Wojnarowski, T.J.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(71)90046-2

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hence, the results show unequivocally that the rate- The values of rate constant, activation energy and entropy of activation obtained were almost identical to those obtained for the epoxidation of natural rubber reported earlier (11). Under the experimental condition where the acetic acid is used in excess, the rate equation becomes: [4] where k' ----k(AcP. Oxirane cleavage.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Kinetic studies of epoxidation and oxirane cleavage of palm olein methyl esters

Gan

Goh

Ooi

1992

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

120

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The kinetics for the epoxidation of methyl esters of palm olein (MEPOL) by peroxyformic acid and peroxyacetic acid generated in situ were studied. The rate-determining step was found to be the formation of peroxy acid. Epoxidized MEPOL (EpMEPOL), with almost complete conversion of the unsaturated carbon and negligible ringopening, can be synthesized by the in situ technique described.The kinetics of the oxirane cleavage of EpMEPOL by acetic acid were studied at various temperatures. The reaction was found to be first-order with respect to the epoxy concentration and second-order to the acetic acid concentration. The activation energy and the entropy of activation for the epoxidation of MEPOL were comparable to those for the oxirane cleavage of EpMEPOL by acetic acid, suggesting that the two reactions are competitive. The success of the epoxidation of MEPOL with only negligible oxirane cleavage is attributed to the heterogeneous nature of the system employed in the in situ technique.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Kinetic studies of epoxidation and oxirane cleavage of palm olein methyl esters

Gan

Goh

Ooi

1992

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

120

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“…An increase in E of ionomers was observed earlier for ionomers based on S‐MA copolymers by Galperin and Nikolajev14 and Plochocka and Wojnarowski 38. However, Ide et al,13 while investigating the same ionomers, did not observe the increase in E of ionomers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Intravenous itraconazole for prophylaxis of systemic fungal infections in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing induction chemotherapy

Mattiuzzi

Kantarjian

O’Brien

et al. 2004

Cancer

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The total syntheses of the structurally unique and moderately cytotoxic pyrrolosesquiterpenoid glaciapyrrol A that has been isolated from a marine streptomycete by Macherla et al.1 and of seven of its stereoisomers have been performed from geraniol or nerol, respectively, using a known diastereoselective Ru‐catalysed approach for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans previously reported by Stark and co‐workers.5 Comparison of 1H and 13C NMR data unambiguously clarified the relative configuration of natural glaciapyrrol A that was previously only partly solved from the available NMR data. An enantioselective synthesis was carried out resulting in the unnatural enantiomer (11S,12R,15R)‐(−)‐glaciapyrrol A. These data establish the absolute configuration of the natural product as (11R,12S,15S)‐(+)‐glaciapyrrol A.

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“…The solution was then purged with nitrogen gas for 120 min with a gas flow rate of 200 mL min 21 and transferred to 20 mL vials by cannula transfer method. The vials were subsequently put in a temperature controlled water shaker bath (Grant, OLS200) at 40 C and 100 rpm, and then removed at specific time intervals and chilled in an ice bath.…”

Section: Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mobile phase was an aqueous solution of NaNO 3 (0.2 M) and NaH 2 PO 4 /Na 2 HPO 4 (0.01 M), pH 5 7. After removing a reaction sample from the shaker bath and stopping the reaction by quenching and adding inhibitor, a small amount of reaction mixture was taken and then diluted with buffer solution to reach the target polymer concentration of about 0.5 mg mL 21 . By having the dn/dc of the polymer in the buffer, the concentration of the sample was measured by integrating the RI trace from the GPC and then polymer mass was calculated and compared with the original mass of monomer in solution.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal estimation of reactivity ratios for acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymerization

Riahinezhad

Kazemi

McManus

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Reactivity ratios for the important acrylamide (AAm)/acrylic acid (AAc) copolymerization system exhibit considerable scatter in previously published literature, and therefore, there is a need for more definitive values for these reactivity ratios. An appropriate methodology, based on the error‐in‐variables‐model (EVM) framework along with a direct numerical integration procedure, is applied in order to determine reliable reactivity ratios. The reliability of the results is confirmed with extensive and independent replication. Furthermore, via an EVM‐based criterion for the design of experiments using mechanistic models, optimal feed compositions are calculated, and from these optimal reactivity ratios are estimated for the first time (rAAm = 1.33 and rAAc = 0.23) based on information from the full conversion range. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 4819–4827

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The effect of Li, Na, K cations on the reactivities of acrylic acid salts and acrylamide in copolymerization in aqueous medium

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Kinetic studies of epoxidation and oxirane cleavage of palm olein methyl esters

Kinetic studies of epoxidation and oxirane cleavage of palm olein methyl esters

Intravenous itraconazole for prophylaxis of systemic fungal infections in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing induction chemotherapy

Optimal estimation of reactivity ratios for acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymerization

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