The Effect of Lithium γ-Linolenate Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer on Perfusion in Liver and Pancreatic Tissues

Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids fromThamnidium elegansandMortierella alpinaSuppress Prostate Cancer Cells Proliferation and Migration

“…In this study, lipids from T. elegans and M. alpina were administered for the first time to human prostate cancer cell lines, and an assessment of the cells' ability to proliferate and migrate was performed. Lipids from both microorganisms were transformed into FALS, a bio-assimilable form of the insoluble long-chain PUFA that has previously been used for in vitro assays by both our research group (Alakhras et al, 2015;Sayegh et al, 2016;Kalampounias et al, 2024) and other researchers (Kairemo et al, 1998;Ilc et al, 1999). Lithium, in the form of lithium chloride and lithium carbonate, is a new promising agent in anticancer research since its effectiveness against brain tumors is under investigation (Natale et al, 2023).…”

“…More importantly, this fungus accumulated lipids rich in gLNA, a PUFA of increased significance regarding potential anticancer properties, which justified the selection of this strain. In vitro data have provided much evidence on the suppressive role of gLNA on cancer cell proliferation and migration of many cancer types, among which also lies prostate cancer (Kairemo et al ., 1998; Ilc et al ., 1999; Robbins et al ., 1999; Meng et al ., 2013; Alakhras et al ., 2015; Kalampounias et al ., 2024). Previous studies had shown that T. elegans CCF 1465 lipids in the form of fatty acid potassium salts (FAPS) exhibited anticancer properties against the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line (Sayegh et al ., 2016), and the current study greatly expands and verifies these results since cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells is demonstrated as well as inhibitory effects on cell migration.…”

Inorganic Pharmacology of Lithium

“…Clinical trials are under way in pancreatic cancer, a particularly aggressive tumor with relatively short survival time in normal circumstances. 377,379,380 LiGLA also is cytotoxic toward AIDS-infected cells, and this may have further significance for the treatment of AIDS. 355,381 F. Lithium as a Marker Substance…”

“…The lithium salt of gamma linolenic acid (LiGLA) has been assessed for its effects on the reduction of progression of a range of cancers following the demonstration of cytotoxicity by gamma linolenic acid and its salts, in vitro, toward a range of malignant cells. − There is evidence that Li−GLA has a substantial antitumor effect in a range of cancers. − It may be that the cytotoxicity of the Li−GLA salt is a combination of the separate and individual effects of the essential fatty acid and the lithium ion. Clinical trials are under way in pancreatic cancer, a particularly aggressive tumor with relatively short survival time in normal circumstances. ,, …”

Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) from Cunninghamella elegans Grown on Glycerol Induce Cell Death and Increase Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species

“…A form of PUFAs that have not been intensively studied is fatty acid lithium salts (FALS), a water-soluble type of molecule that can be easily produced and remains stable at room temperature for extended periods. Administering FALS to patients dates back to 1998, when Kairemo et al used lithium gamma-linolenate on patients with pancreatic cancer to investigate whether the permeability of cancer agents would increase after treatment, as well as the cytotoxic effects of GLA on the tumor [22]. FALS were also used by Ilc et al in 1999, where purified GLA was utilized to examine the effects on glioblastoma cells [23].…”