The effect of lithospheric phase transitions on subsidence of extending continental lithosphere

Podladchikov, Y. Y.; Poliakov, Alexei N. B.; Yuen, David A.

doi:10.1016/0012-821x(94)00074-3

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Solid-state phase changes also alter the density structure of the lithosphere. For simple models of lithosphere extension, the phase change from garnet-to plagioclase-lherzolite may reduce the lithosphere density by up to 100 kg m À3 (Podladchikov et al, 1994, Kaus et al, 2005. The bulk composition of continental lithosphere is characterised by the average composition of peridotite xenoliths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cratonic Basins

and

Armitage

2011

Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins

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Cratonic basins are sites of prolonged, broadly distributed but slow subsidence of the continental lithosphere, and are commonly filled with shallow water and terrestrial sedimentary rocks. They remain poorly understood geodynamically. A number of models have been proposed that fall into families involving cooling of stretched continental lithosphere, cooling related to mantle flow (dynamic topography), densification of the underlying lithosphere due to phase changes, the surface response to magmatism and/or plume activity, and long-wavelength buckling under in-plane stresses.The timing of initiation and spatial distribution of cratonic basin formation are linked to geodynamic phases within the overall framework of plate amalgamation and supercontinental break-up and dispersal. Many cratonic basins initiated in the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian-Ordovician. Some suites of cratonic basins originated as broad ramp-like realms of subsidence tilting down to the adjacent passive margin, and were later "individualized" by secondary processes such as, for instance, reactivation of tectonic structures during intracontinental orogeny, and the emergence of intervening arches and domes.Several different mechanisms may therefore control the geological evolution and subsidence history of cratonic basins during their long life-times. We propose that a model of low strain rate extension accompanied and followed by cooling of the underlying lithosphere satisfactorily explains the long-term subsidence history of a range of cratonic basins. However, the precise role played by dynamic topography transmitted from large-scale mantle flow in initiating or modifying the elevation history of continental interiors remains an intriguing focus for further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cratonic Basins

and

Armitage

2011

Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins

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“…However, phase transitions in natural rocks are complex and gradual, and their slope and position as well as the associated change in density depends on rock composition, in addition to pressure and temperature. Detailed studies of the influence of pressure, temperature, and composition (P-T-X) on densities have been provided in the context of extensional basins (Podladchikov et al 1994;Yamasaki and Nakada 1997;Petrini et al 2001;Kaus et al 2005;Simon and Podladchikov 2008). In collisional settings, complex petrogenetic grids have been used to acquire density distributions in connection with the evolution of mountain belts (Bousquet et al 1997;Le Pichon et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density variations in the thickened crust as a function of pressure, temperature, and composition

Semprich

Simon

Podladchikov

2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Constraints on density as a function of pressure, temperature, and composition are crucial to understand isostatic movements during geodynamic processes. Here, we provide a systematic series of density diagrams extracted from thermodynamic calculations for a variety of crustal compositions within a wide P-T range. We quantify systematic density changes in collisional settings for relevant compositional variations and attempt to simplify the density-composition relationships. Rock densities depend strongly on pressure, temperature, and composition. Densities at some selected pressure-temperature conditions increase linearly with increasing Al 2 O 3 as well as MgO/ FeO contents in pelitic rocks. Al-and Fe-rich pelites yield the highest densities, which is mostly due to the formation of garnet but also depends on other minerals and changes of reactions. The effect of loading on densities is investigated, and we show that for deep burial, a meta-pelite rich in Fe and Mg yields much larger density changes than a dry basalt and that the burial of such a rock with a composition close to typical lower crust may result in significant negative buoyancy. Metamorphism of hydrous lower crust due to pressurization and heating thus leads to densification of thickened lower crust, while heating of dry crust leads to a decrease in density. Hence, water-loaded isostatic subsidence due to metamorphism of water-saturated lower crust is substantial and increases with the thickness and depth of the reacting layer, while dry compositions show much less or only transient densification and subsidence. The density change due to thermal expansion, an extensively used concept in geodynamic models, predicts uplift under the same P-T conditions and is an order of magnitude smaller than the density variation calculated from petrologically consistent diagrams.

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“…Understanding the vertical and lateral variation of density in the upper mantle is critical to our understanding of the tectonic and magmatic evolution of the lithosphere (Podladchikov et al 1994;Kaus et al 2005;Simon and Podladchikov 2008;Sakamaki et al 2013). Moreover, a sound understanding of the nature of density variations is crucial to interpreting the structure of the mantle from geophysical information, such as seismic tomography or gravity anomalies (e.g.…”

Section: Density Variations In the Subcontinental Mantlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that density and seismic properties of mantle peridotites are related to the modes, compositions and elastic properties of their constituent minerals (i.e. olivine + orthopyroxene ± clinopyroxene ± aluminous phase) and melts, which in turn depend upon pressure, temperature and bulk composition (Ringwood 1975;Green and Liebermann 1976;Podladchikov et al 1994;Suzuki and Othani 2003). Phase equilibria calculations based on thermodynamic data are commonly used to predict how phase relations and therefore the physical properties of rocks in the Earth's interior vary with depth (e.g.…”

Section: Density Variations In the Subcontinental Mantlementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of thermodynamic modelling to natural mantle xenoliths: examples of density variations and pressure–temperature evolution of the lithospheric mantle

Ziberna

Klemme

2016

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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low-temperature peridotites (spinel and spinel + garnet harzburgites and lherzolites), are linked to a cooling event in the mantle which occurred long before the eruption of the host basalts. In addition, our phase equilibria calculations show that kelyphitic rims around garnets, as those observed in the high-temperature garnet peridotites from Pali-Aike, can be explained simply by decompression and do not require additional metasomatic fluid or melt.

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The effect of lithospheric phase transitions on subsidence of extending continental lithosphere

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Cratonic Basins

Cratonic Basins

Density variations in the thickened crust as a function of pressure, temperature, and composition

Application of thermodynamic modelling to natural mantle xenoliths: examples of density variations and pressure–temperature evolution of the lithospheric mantle

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