The effect of load mass and its placement on postural sway

Rugelj, Darja

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2011.02.002

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The procedures to determine the spatiotemporal parameters of the stabilogram and the outline and sway area have been described elsewhere [24]. Briefly, the antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) path lengths were calculated from the measured time series of the COP positions Y i and X i as follows:where the summation of the absolute values occurred over all N points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Very Low Illumination on the Postural Sway of Young and Elderly Adults

Rugelj

Gomišček

2014

PLoS ONE

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of very low ambient illumination and complete darkness on the postural sway of young and elderly adults. Eighteen healthy young participants aged 23.8±1.5 years and 26 community-dwelling elderly aged 69.8±5.6 years were studied. Each participant performed four tests while standing on a force platform in the following conditions: in normal light (215 lx) with open eyes and with closed eyes, in very low illumination (0.25 lx) with open eyes, and in complete darkness with open eyes. The sequences of the tests in the altered visual conditions were determined by random blocs. Postural sway was assessed by means of the force platform measurements. The centre of pressure variables: the medio-lateral and antero-posterior path lengths, mean velocities, sway areas, and fractal dimensions were analysed. Very low illumination resulted in a statistically significant increase in postural sway in both the young and elderly groups compared to normal light, although the increase was significantly smaller than those observed in the eyes closed and complete darkness condition, and no significant effects of illumination on fractal dimensions were detected. The gains of the sways in the very low or no illumination conditions relative to the normal light condition were significantly larger in the group of young participants than in the group of elderly participants (up to 50% and 25%, respectively). However, the response patterns to changes in illumination were similar in the young and elderly participants, with the exception of the short-range fractal dimension of the medio-lateral sway. In conclusion, very low illumination resulted in increased postural sway compared to normal illumination; however, in the closed eye and complete darkness conditions, postural sway was significantly higher than in the very low illumination condition regardless of the age of the participants.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Very Low Illumination on the Postural Sway of Young and Elderly Adults

Rugelj

Gomišček

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…The distribution between men and women among the participants was not homogenous. However, no differences between gender in plantar pressure parameters for normal-weight and obese people was evidenced (25) . Only right lower limbs of our participants were assessed; however, similar GRFs have been shown between limbs (27) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of gait cadence on plantar pressures and ground reaction forces during obese adults’ walking

Castro¹,

Abreu²,

Sousa³

et al. 2016

RPCD

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To prescribe safer exercise routines for obese people it is important to understand the effects of changing gait cadence on biomechanical gait parameters. The aim of this study was to verify if changes in gait cadence during overground walking affect the ground reaction forces and in-shoe plantar pressures of normal-weight and obese participants differently.As a secondary aim, the ground reaction forces and plantar pressures between normalweight and obese participants were compared during both low and high gait cadences. We assessed ground reaction forces and in-shoe plantar pressures in 10 foot regions during low (70 steps/ minute) and high (120 steps/ minute) gait cadences in 17 obese adults and 17 gender-matched normal-weight participants during walking. Changes in gait cadence similarly affect ground reaction forces (p = .21) and plantar pressures (p = .47) of normal-weight and obese adults. Similar ground reaction force peaks were observed between groups in both gait cadences (p = .59). Statistically significant differences in plantar pressures (p < .001) were found between groups in both gait cadences. In conclusion, higher vertical and anterior-posterior ground reaction forces associated with higher plantar pressure peaks in the rearfoot and toe regions in obese individuals suggest that walking at high gait cadences demands more to the musculoskeletal system compared to low gait cadences.

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“…Kim et al (2008) also suggest that the backpack load tends to overload the scapular waist and shoulders, with the stance made by muscles like the pectoralis major, not evaluated in this study. For Rugelj andSevsek (2011), Hong et al (2008) and Ramprasad et al (2010), the weight directed to scapular waist associated with trunk inclination commonly manifest as a way of adapting to the new position, aiming to stabilize the trunk. The results of this study revealed the absence of significant EMG alteration to the EE muscle in both phases of the gait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weight increased in their backpack can also produce previous tilt of the head and trunk during the gait (Grimmer et al, 1999). Therefore, the adequate displacement during the gait depends primarily on the amount of weight transported in a backpack (Rugelj and Sevsek, 2011). All these modifications could lead to change in the electromyographic (EMG) activity and muscular recruitment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of school children gait with and without load in the backpack

et al. 2018

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Introduction: Excessive load on the backpacks can lead to musculoskeletal injuries and gait alterations. The objective of this study was to analyze the electromyographic (EMG) activity in association to the kinematic during the stance and balance phases of gait performed with and without the use of the backpack. Methods: Twelve volunteers have executed a gait cycle in 3 tasks: without the school backpack (SM), with a backpack with load equivalent to 10% (M10) and 20% (M20) of the body weight (BW). It was evaluated the ankle, knee and hip angular excursion (AE), linear displacement (LD) of the toe and ankle, knee, hip, shoulder, head and EMG activity of the tibialis anterior (TA), vastus medialis (VM), rectus abdominis (RA), gastrocnemius lateral (GL), biceps femoris (BF) and spinal erector (EE) muscles. Results: In the LD in the stance phase there was an AP increase for the toe and ankle, hip and head (p<0.043). In the balance phase for VT (vertical) direction, the shoulder presented a smaller displacement as well as the toe, ankle, knee, hip, shoulder and head in the ML direction. In the AP direction, the toe displacement was smaller as well as the ankle (p < 0.038). The AE in both phases was smaller for the hip (p <0.006). In the balance phase the IEMG was higher for the RA (p = 0.034). Conclusion: These results suggest that the transport of school backpacks with loads of more than 10%BW causes changes in the kinematic and in the muscular recruitment pattern.

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The effect of load mass and its placement on postural sway

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

The Influence of Very Low Illumination on the Postural Sway of Young and Elderly Adults

The Influence of Very Low Illumination on the Postural Sway of Young and Elderly Adults

Influence of gait cadence on plantar pressures and ground reaction forces during obese adults’ walking

Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of school children gait with and without load in the backpack

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