The effect of manganese and silicon additions on the corrosion resistance of a polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy

Anzini, E.; Glaenzer, N.; Mignanelli, P. M.; Hardy, Mark; Stone, H.J.; Pedrazzini, S.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2020.109042

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…pct). The beneficial effect of this element on oxidation resistance has been reported by several other researchers, [40][41][42] with Mn dramatically reducing the specific mass changes. While the exact mechanisms are unclear, a similar study on a polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy at 800 °C found that Mn forms a protective spinel of MnCr 2 O 4 that alternates with Cr 2 O 3 layers to form a relatively protective compound scale.…”

Section: A Oxidation At 800 °Csupporting

confidence: 60%

The Isothermal Oxidation of a New Polycrystalline Turbine Disk Ni-Based Superalloy at 800 °C and Its Modification with Pre-oxidation

Pang

Wilson

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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Ni-based superalloys with enhanced oxidation resistance at high temperatures are crucial for next-generation gas turbine engines. A new polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy (C19) that combines improved microstructural stability with environmental resistance has been developed. Its oxidation resistance has been determined through measurements of the specific mass change and morphological evolution of the formed oxides following furnace exposures at 800 °C in air for up to 1000 hours; the results of which were benchmarked against Nimonic 105. C19 showed hybrid Type II/Type III behavior as a marginal Al2O3 former and performed similarly to established superalloys at 750 °C. The Wagner model for the transition from internal to external oxide formation predicted that C19 should form a continuous Al2O3 scale at higher temperatures. A pre-oxidation treatment at 1100 °C for 1 hour was, therefore, selected and shown to dramatically improve the oxidation resistance during subsequent exposure at 800 °C. Oxide cross-sectional analysis showed that C19 formed a continuous and protective Al2O3 scale after the pre-oxidation treatment, whereas Nimonic 105 retained discontinuous Al2O3 finger-like intrusions beneath a Cr2O3 overscale.

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Section: A Oxidation At 800 °Csupporting

confidence: 60%

The Isothermal Oxidation of a New Polycrystalline Turbine Disk Ni-Based Superalloy at 800 °C and Its Modification with Pre-oxidation

Pang

Wilson

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The formation free energies of MnO 2 and Cr 2 O 3 are both much higher than Fe 2 O 3 at room temperature, as derived from 30 (Cr 2 O 3 being slightly more favorable). The formation energies are influenced by an increase in temperature, 31,32 and the energy balance between some of the oxides will depend on precise compositions. Thus, the removal of the O from the original metal oxides at the surface by the Mn at high temperatures could be explained by the formation energies, although some more calculations in relation to the balance between Cr and Mn oxides for this particular case would be interesting to complete the picture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface chemistry and diffusion of trace and alloying elements during in vacuum thermal deoxidation of stainless steel

Zhu

Al-Sakeeri

Lenrick

et al. 2021

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Removal of the native surface oxide from steel is an important initial step during vacuum brazing. Trace and alloying elements in steel, such as Mn, Si, and Ni, can diffuse to the surface and influence the deoxidation process. The detailed surface chemical composition and grain morphology of the common stainless‐steel grade 316L is imaged and spectroscopically analyzed at several stages of in‐vacuum annealing from room temperature up to 850°C. Measurements are performed using synchrotron‐based X‐ray photoemission and low‐energy electron microscopy (XPEEM/LEEM). The initial native Cr surface oxide is amorphous and unaffected by the underlying Fe grain morphology. After annealing to ~700°C, the grain morphology is seen at the surface, persisting also after the complete oxygen removal at 850°C. The surface concentration of first Mn and then Si increases significantly when annealing to 500°C and 700°C, respectively, while Ni and Cr concentrations do not change. Mn and Si are not located only in grain boundaries or clusters but are distributed across over the surface. Both Mn and Si appear as oxides, while Cr oxide becomes metallic Cr. Annealing from 500°C up to 850°C leads to the removal of first the Mn and then Si oxides from the surface, while Cr and Fe are completely reduced to metals. Deoxidation of Cr occurs faster at the grain boundaries, and the final Cr metal surface content varies between the grains. The findings are summarized in a general qualitative model, relevant for austenite steels.

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“…Some previous studies on the effect of manganese alloying on the oxidation and corrosion resistance of nickel superalloys were performed on turbine disc alloys. Manganese formed a surface layer of spinel MnCr 2 O 4 , which proved to be excellent surface protection in static furnace exposures to air at 700-800 °C [11,12]. However, systematic studies assessing the behaviour of manganese-containing alloys in sulfur-containing environments at 750 °C (as opposed to studies with only oxygen/air) found this addition to be detrimental to the properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, systematic studies assessing the behaviour of manganese-containing alloys in sulfur-containing environments at 750 °C (as opposed to studies with only oxygen/air) found this addition to be detrimental to the properties. Manganese is a strong sulfur scavenger, and its presence therefore increased the damage depth through faster sulfur incorporation and the formation of sub-scale MnS sulfides [11]. A relatively small addition of manganese (1 wt%) provided a significant detrimental effect on the damage depth and corrosion resistance of the alloy [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manganese is a strong sulfur scavenger, and its presence therefore increased the damage depth through faster sulfur incorporation and the formation of sub-scale MnS sulfides [11]. A relatively small addition of manganese (1 wt%) provided a significant detrimental effect on the damage depth and corrosion resistance of the alloy [11]. The addition of Mn, although proven beneficial to the oxidation resistance of turbine disc alloys, could lead to a deterioration in the creep resistance if added to turbine blades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Novel, Impurity-Scavenging, Corrosion-Resistant Coating for Ni-Based Superalloy CMSX-4

Pek

Appleton

et al. 2022

High Temperature Corrosion of mater.

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Sulfur, a common impurity arising from atmospheric and environmental contamination, is highly corrosive and detrimental to the lifespan of nickel superalloys in jet engines. However, sulfur-scavenging coatings have yet to be explored. Our study presents the successful development of a stable, uniform, impurity-scavenging Ni-Mn coating on Ni-based superalloy CMSX-4, through electroplating. The coating was characterised via combined scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. An optimal coating thickness of > 600 nm was deposited. The coated alloy was exposed to corrosive salt mixture 98% Na2SO4–2% NaCl at 550 °C for 100 h, mimicking engine exposure conditions, thereby proving that the coating successfully trapped sulfur and prevented its diffusion into an underlying alloy. This work presents a promising development for the prevention of sulfur-induced corrosion in industrial setting such as gas turbine engine, where the effects of sulfur diffusion into the bulk alloy could lead to premature failure. Graphical Abstract

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The effect of manganese and silicon additions on the corrosion resistance of a polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy

Cited by 28 publications

References 44 publications

The Isothermal Oxidation of a New Polycrystalline Turbine Disk Ni-Based Superalloy at 800 °C and Its Modification with Pre-oxidation

The Isothermal Oxidation of a New Polycrystalline Turbine Disk Ni-Based Superalloy at 800 °C and Its Modification with Pre-oxidation

Surface chemistry and diffusion of trace and alloying elements during in vacuum thermal deoxidation of stainless steel

Development of a Novel, Impurity-Scavenging, Corrosion-Resistant Coating for Ni-Based Superalloy CMSX-4

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