The effect of mantle composition on density in the extending lithosphere

Simon, Nina; Podladchikov, Y. Y.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.04.027

Cited by 52 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The resulting lithospheric mantle is compositionally buoyant and able to inhibit the subsidence of thinned continental crust. Additionally Kaus et al (2005) and Simon and Podladchikov (2008) highlighted the effect of subsolidus phase transition (e.g. spinel → plagioclase) on mantle density, which is reduced during thinning and asthenospheric upwelling and calculated some consequences for the uplift vs subsidence of the overlaying crust and sedimentary basins.…”

Section: The Adula Nappementioning

confidence: 99%

New stratigraphic data from the Lower Penninic between the Adula nappe and the Gotthard massif and consequences for the tectonics and the paleogeography of the Central Alps

et al. 2012

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New stratigraphic data along a profile from the Helvetic Gotthard massif to the remnants of the North Penninic basin in eastern Ticino and Graubünden are presented. The stratigraphic record together with existing geochemical and structural data, motivate a new interpretation of the fossil European distal margin. We introduce a new group of Triassic facies, the North-Penninic-Triassic (NPT), which is characterised by the Ladinian "dolomie bicolori". The NPT was located in-between the Briançonnais carbonate platform and the Helvetic lands. The observed horizontal transition, coupled with the stratigraphic superposition of a Helvetic Liassic on a Briaçonnais Triassic in the Luzzone-Terri nappe, links, prior to Jurassic rifting, the Briançonnais paleogeographic domain at the Helvetic margin, south of the Gotthard. Our observations suggest that the Jurassic rifting separated the Briançonnais domain from the Helvetic margin by complex and protracted extension. The syn-rift stratigraphic record in the Adula nappe and surroundings suggests the presence of a diffuse rising area with only moderately subsiding basins above a thinned continental and proto-oceanic crust. Strong subsidence occurred in a second phase following protracted extension and the resulting delamination of the rising area. The stratigraphic coherency in the Adula's Mesozoic questions the idea of a lithospheric mélange in the eclogitic Adula nappe, which is more likely to be a coherent alpine tectonic unit. The structural and stratigraphic observations in the Piz Terri-Lunschania zone suggest the activity of syn-rift detachments. During the alpine collision these faults are reactivated (and inverted) and played a major role in allowing the Adula subduction, the "Penninic Thrust" above it and in creating the structural complexity of the Central Alps.

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Section: The Adula Nappementioning

confidence: 99%

New stratigraphic data from the Lower Penninic between the Adula nappe and the Gotthard massif and consequences for the tectonics and the paleogeography of the Central Alps

et al. 2012

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“…The usual interpretation of the sparse seismic data pertinent to the deep mantle favours a low mg (e.g. [169,171,174] [177], is based on thermodynamical modelling for a terrestrial mantle composition. Similar results were obtained decades ago from experimental petrology [178].…”

Section: Differences and Similarities In Chemical Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical arguments for an Earth-like Moon-forming impactor

Dauphas

Burkhardt

Warren

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

128

101

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Geochemical evidence suggests that the material accreted by the Earth did not change in nature during Earth's accretion, presumably because the inner protoplanetary disc had uniform isotopic composition similar to enstatite chondrites, aubrites and ungrouped achondrite NWA 5363/5400. Enstatite meteorites and the Earth were derived from the same nebular reservoir but diverged in their chemical evolutions, so no chondrite sample in meteorite collections is representative of the Earth's building blocks. The similarity in isotopic composition (Δ 17 O, ε 50 Ti and ε 54 Cr) between lunar and terrestrial rocks is explained by the fact that the Moon-forming impactor came from the same region of the disc as other Earth-forming embryos, and therefore was similar in isotopic composition to the Earth. The heavy δ 30 Si values of the silicate Earth and the Moon relative to known chondrites may be due to fractionation in the solar nebula/protoplanetary disc rather than partitioning of silicon in Earth's core. An inversion method is presented to calculate the Hf/W ratios and ε 182 W values of the proto-Earth and impactor mantles for a given Moon-forming impact scenario. The similarity in tungsten isotopic composition between lunar and terrestrial rocks is a coincidence that can be explained in a canonical giant impact scenario if an early formed embryo (two-stage model age of 10–20 Myr) collided with the proto-Earth formed over a more protracted accretion history (two-stage model age of 30–40 Myr).

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“…km depth) and spinel-garnet (60-90 km depth) [Ringwood, 1975;Klemme, 2004]. Because (1) the density change associated with these phase transitions can be relatively large in fertile peridotites (<$3% for plag-sp and <$1.4% for sp-gnt [e.g., Afonso et al, 2007;Simon and Podladchikov, 2008]) and (2) the transitions occur at relatively shallow depths, it is expected that they will influence the computation of gravity anomalies, particularly in settings characterized by a thin crust (e.g., intracontinental basins, passive margins, etc). However, this effect is routinely ignored in the modeling/ interpretations of gravity anomalies.…”

Section: Comparison Between the Pta And Litmod3dmentioning

confidence: 99%

LitMod3D: An interactive 3‐D software to model the thermal, compositional, density, seismological, and rheological structure of the lithosphere and sublithospheric upper mantle

Fullea¹,

Afonso

Connolly

et al. 2009

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

123

166

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[1] We present an interactive 3-D computer program (LitMod3D) developed to perform combined geophysical-petrological modeling of the lithosphere and sublithospheric upper mantle. In contrast to other available modeling software, LitMod3D is built within an internally consistent thermodynamicgeophysical framework, where all relevant properties are functions of temperature, pressure, and composition. By simultaneously solving the heat transfer, thermodynamic, rheological, geopotential, and isostasy (local and flexural) equations, the program outputs temperature, pressure, surface heat flow, density (bulk and single phase), seismic wave velocities, geoid and gravity anomalies, elevation, and lithospheric strength for any given model. These outputs can be used to obtain thermal and compositional models of the lithosphere and sublithospheric upper mantle that simultaneously fit all available geophysical and petrological observables. We illustrate some of the advantages and limitations of LitMod3D using synthetic models and comparing our predictions with those from other modeling methods. In particular, we show that (1) temperature at midlithosphere depths may be overestimated by as much as 200 K when compositional heterogeneities in the mantle and T-P effects are not considered in lithospheric models and (2) the neglect of mantle phase transformations on gravity-based models in thin-crust settings can result in a significant overestimation and underestimation of the derived crustal thickness and its internal density distribution, respectively.

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The effect of mantle composition on density in the extending lithosphere

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

New stratigraphic data from the Lower Penninic between the Adula nappe and the Gotthard massif and consequences for the tectonics and the paleogeography of the Central Alps

New stratigraphic data from the Lower Penninic between the Adula nappe and the Gotthard massif and consequences for the tectonics and the paleogeography of the Central Alps

Geochemical arguments for an Earth-like Moon-forming impactor

LitMod3D: An interactive 3‐D software to model the thermal, compositional, density, seismological, and rheological structure of the lithosphere and sublithospheric upper mantle

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