The Effect Of Marine Growth On The Performance Of Fixed Offshore Platforms In The North Sea

Biofouling on mooring lines and power cables used in wave energy converter systems—Analysis of fatigue life and energy performance

“…There are several ways to consider the effect of biofouling in the numerical model such as variation in: the actual mass [7,8,11,48], the submerged weight [11], the surface roughness [8,47,48], the effective diameter [8,11], the drag coefficient [11,47,48], and the added mass coefficient [11]. The biofouling composition is needed in order to judge and decide which factors can best represent its biofouling condition in a model [25].…”

“…Heaf [11] conducted extensive parametric studies and demonstrated an increased load and a reduction in the fatigue life of a fixed offshore platform with increasing marine growth thickness. Edyvean [12] reviewed several ways in which marine fouling may affect offshore structures: by obscuring the substratum, leading to increased costs for inspection; by enhancing corrosion and corrosion fatigue; and by increasing the hydrodynamic loading due to the additional layers of fouling and its higher roughness compared with the original surface.…”

Design and development of a data management system for marine fouling organisms

“…物、植物和微生物 (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1952;黄宗国和蔡如星, 1984), 其危害主 要表现在增大舰船行进阻力, 缩短维保间隔周期 (Alberte et al, 1992;Schultz et al, 2011); 减少海水管 线载流容量和降低流速, 甚至造成堵塞 (Venkatesan & Murthy, 2009); 引发局部微环境理化性质变化, 改变材料腐蚀行为 (Neville & Hodgkiess, 2000; 杨 天 笑 等 , 2013); 增 加 载 荷 效 应 , 影 响 设 施 安 全 (Edyvean et al, 1985;Swift et al, 2006); 覆盖构件表 面, 妨碍水下作业 (Heaf, 1979;Marine Technology Directorate Limited, 1992); 危害水产养殖生产, 影 响海洋养殖业发展 (严涛等, 2008;Fitridge et al, 2012)等方面。 海洋污损生物通常来源于邻近和当地海域底 栖生物或漂浮性种类 (Yan et al, 2009), 其群落的形 成和发展与温度、盐度、深度、季节、海域、离岸 距离和附着基等多种因素密切相关, 是一个从无到 有、从简单到复杂的演变过程 (严涛和曹文浩, 2008;李静等, 2010;Zhang et al, 2015)。 正是由于环境因子 变化和附着基质特性等多种因素的协同作用和影 响 (Connell, 2001;Perkol-Finkel et al, 2008;Wilhelmsson & Malm, 2009;严涛等, 2014), 导致污损 生物的群落结构与周边邻近天然礁石的底栖生物 群落存在差异 (Glasby, 1999;Page et al, 1999 …”

Stochastic Modeling of Forces on Jacket-Type Offshore Structures Colonized by Marine Growth

“…Biofouling is a complex phenomenon involving a diversity of marine species, which constitute communities whose dynamic is driven by physical and biological processes. It has many negative impacts on offshore structures such as loading excess, structures occlusion, increase in drag coefficient, and corrosion [1,2]. Therefore, it represents a challenge for engineers with respect to design and maintenance programs.…”

“…The growth of marine organisms on offshore structures has long been a significant issue for the oil and gas industry [1,2]. In the 70 s and 80 s, studies focused on the effect of biofouling on hydrodynamic forces acting on offshore structures.…”