The effect of medium selection on adipose-derived stem cell expansion and differentiation: implications for application in regenerative medicine

Abstract

The use of adipose-derived stem cells is wide-spread in both basic biology and regenerative medicine, due to the abundance of adipose tissue and the multipotent differentiation potential of the cells. However, the methods used to isolate and culture cells vary greatly between different research groups. Identification of medium formulations which provide rapid cell expansion while maintaining cell phenotype would have clear advantages. We compared growth and differentiation potential along the adipogenic lineage in human ADSCs in nine different media. We further assessed induced and spontaneous differentiation along the adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineage in three different media. There was significant variation in the rate of growth between different media. All media supported ADSC phenotype and adipogenic differentiation, although there was variation between the different media. Differentiation along the adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages in the three media was confirmed, with some upregulation of specific genes observed when cells were left to spontaneously differentiate. Our study shows a direct comparison of human ADSCs grown in different media, both reported in the literature and commercially available. It indicates that rapid proliferation occurs most often in media which contain 10 % foetal bovine serum and that differentiation along different lineages can be induced but also occurs spontaneously once cells become confluent. These data provide a tool for other researchers to facilitate the choice of medium formulation most appropriate for different applications.

New Insight into Natural Extracellular Matrix: Genipin Cross-Linked Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Extracellular Matrix Gel for Tissue Engineering

“…Then, the undifferentiated state of ADSCs in the cell sheet was confirmed by the positive expression of CD105 and CD44 surface markers, as well as intracellular vimentin. Some studies revealed that ADSCs could differentiate into adipogenic [ 50 ], osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages [ 51 ] after adding ascorbic acid [ 52 ] and long-term culturing [ 53 , 54 ], which has the risk of unwanted tissue formation. Hence, the undifferentiated state of ADSCs in cell sheets was confirmed using oil red O, Alizarin red, and Alcian blue staining following 10 days of culture with ascorbic acid or induction medium.…”

Adipose Tissue Stem Cells for Therapy: An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application

“…This suggests using 25 defined genes to classify stem cells among others cell population together with cell surface markers by screening method. In the expansion culture, ASCs can achieve the maximum proliferation in 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) medium or even a mixture of low FBS and separate growth factor medium [32]. ASCs showed similar morphology and differentiation characteristics to MSCs from bone marrow [33].…”

Construction of tissue‐engineered lymphatic vessel using human adipose derived stem cells differentiated lymphatic endothelial like cells and decellularized arterial scaffold: A preliminary study

“…By contrast, ADSCs is derived from adipose tissue and is an ideal cell source for tissue engineering. It has the potential of extensive self‐renewal and pluripotent differentiation, and has been proved to differentiate into various cell types, such as adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes , and endothelial cells . In addition, ADSCs possess several advantages as compared with the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).…”