The Effect of Melatonin on Plasma Markers of Inflammation and on Expression of Nuclear Factor-Kappa Beta in Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in the Rat

Sayyed, Hayam G; Jaumdally, Rumi; Idriss, Naglaa K.; Sers, Dalia A. El; Blann, Andrew D.

doi:10.1007/s10620-013-2811-x

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recently, it was shown that very high doses of melatonin reduce epithelial paracellular permeability in rats and may prevent deleterious substances such as endotoxins from leaking in and causing inflammation [ 51 ]. An alleviating role has been ascribed to melatonin in the elusive interplay between different aggressive and protective factors in experimental colitis [ 52 – 54 ]. We tested the hypothesis that melatonin receptors and enzymes needed for synthesis may be up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease compared to controls but found no large differences in mRNA expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Gastroenteropancreatic Expression of Melatonin and Its Receptors MT1 and MT2

2015

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Background and AimThe largest source of melatonin, according to animal studies, is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but this is not yet thoroughly characterized in humans. This study aims to map the expression of melatonin and its two receptors in human GI tract and pancreas using microarray analysis and immunohistochemistry.MethodGene expression data from normal intestine and pancreas and inflamed colon tissue due to ulcerative colitis were analyzed for expression of enzymes relevant for serotonin and melatonin production and their receptors. Sections from paraffin-embedded normal tissue from 42 individuals, representing the different parts of the GI tract (n=39) and pancreas (n=3) were studied with immunohistochemistry using antibodies with specificity for melatonin, MT1 and MT2 receptors and serotonin.ResultsEnzymes needed for production of melatonin are expressed in both GI tract and pancreas tissue. Strong melatonin immunoreactivity (IR) was seen in enterochromaffin (EC) cells partially co-localized with serotonin IR. Melatonin IR was also seen in pancreas islets. MT1 and MT2 IR were both found in the intestinal epithelium, in the submucosal and myenteric plexus, and in vessels in the GI tract as well as in pancreatic islets. MT1 and MT2 IR was strongest in the epithelium of the large intestine. In the other cell types, both MT2 gene expression and IR were generally elevated compared to MT1. Strong MT2, IR was noted in EC cells but not MT1 IR. Changes in gene expression that may result in reduced levels of melatonin were seen in relation to inflammation.ConclusionWidespread gastroenteropancreatic expression of melatonin and its receptors in the GI tract and pancreas is in agreement with the multiple roles ascribed to melatonin, which include regulation of gastrointestinal motility, epithelial permeability as well as enteropancreatic cross-talk with plausible impact on metabolic control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Gastroenteropancreatic Expression of Melatonin and Its Receptors MT1 and MT2

2015

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“…In this systematic review, 101 different substances/live organisms/functional foods with antioxidant capacity, principally for UC, were identified. However, few compounds were tested more than once, including: the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [99] , [100] , [233] ; the inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl COA reductases [101] ; the hormone MEL [96] , [103] , [109] , [234] ; the synthetic substances N -acetylcysteine [120] , [235] , [236] , [237] , [238] , bis(1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)decandioate [239] , [240] and 3,4-oxo-isopropylidene-shikimic acid [241] , [242] , [243] ; resveratrol, some of its derivatives [137] , [138] , [140] , [141] , [142] , [143] , [244] and curcumin [151] , [152] , [153] , [154] ; the flavonoids proanthocyanidin from grape seeds [85] , [165] , [166] ; quercetin [155] , [156] ; coumarin derivatives [76] , [245] , [246] ; the microalga spirulina [247] , [248] ; active compounds such as cannabigerol [179] and cannabidiol [180] from Cannabis sativa [179] , [180] , which hampered the performance of a meta-analysis.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?

et al. 2015

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Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as one of the etiologic factors involved in several signals and symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that include diarrhea, toxic megacolon and abdominal pain. This systematic review discusses approaches, challenges and perspectives into the use of nontraditional antioxidant therapy on IBD, including natural and synthetic compounds in both human and animal models. One hundred and thirty four papers were identified, of which only four were evaluated in humans. Some of the challenges identified in this review can shed light on this fact: lack of standardization of OS biomarkers, absence of safety data and clinical trials for the chemicals and biological molecules, as well as the fact that most of the compounds were not repeatedly tested in several situations, including acute and chronic colitis. This review hopes to stimulate researchers to become more involved in this fruitful area, to warrant investigation of novel, alternative and efficacious antioxidant-based therapies.

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“…5-HT is an important compound derived from Trp which serves as a neurotransmitter and inhibiter of the production of inflammatory cytokines and superoxide [46]. MT is abundant in gastrointestinal tract [68, 69] and has a positive impact on IBD with no or negligible side effects due to regulation of macrophage activity, reduction of cell migration and myeloperoxidase activity, and inhibition of NF- κ B and TNF- α expression [36, 68, 70]. MT added to omeprazole treatment obviously accelerates chronic gastroduodenal ulcers over the obtained with omeprazole alone [71].…”

Section: Amino Acids: Application In Inflammatory Bowel Disease Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of Dietary Amino Acids and Their Metabolites in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Bao

Feng

Yao³

et al. 2017

Mediators of Inflammation

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a kind of chronic inflammation, which has increasing incidence and prevalence in recent years. IBD mainly divides into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It is hard to cure IBD completely, and novel therapies are urgently needed. Amino acids (AAs) and their metabolites are regarded as important nutrients for humans and animals and also play an important role in IBD amelioration. In the present study, the potential protective effects of AAs and their metabolites on IBD had been summarized with the objective to provide insights into IBD moderating using dietary AAs and their metabolites as a potential adjuvant therapy.

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The Effect of Melatonin on Plasma Markers of Inflammation and on Expression of Nuclear Factor-Kappa Beta in Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in the Rat

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Human Gastroenteropancreatic Expression of Melatonin and Its Receptors MT1 and MT2

Human Gastroenteropancreatic Expression of Melatonin and Its Receptors MT1 and MT2

Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?

Roles of Dietary Amino Acids and Their Metabolites in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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