The Effect of Microelements Supplementation on β-oxidation Activity in Healthy and Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type 1 disease changes the activity of fatty acid degradation as compared to healthy animals. Supplementation in vitro with microelements chromium Cr 3+ and selenium Se 4+ and Se 2in non-toxic ([96.15 μmol (5 ppm) for chromium and 6.33 μmol (0.5 ppm) for selenium] concentrations strongly stimulates the activity of this process in diabetic rats. In healthy animals only chromium Cr 3+ in concentration of 96.15 μmol (5 ppm) stimulated β-oxidation activity in lymphocytes. It may indicate the beneficial effect of supplementation of the diet with microelements, chromium Cr 3+ and selenium Se 4+ or Se 2at concentrations as low as 100 μmol for chromium and 6 μmol for selenium, respectively.

The role of Chromium III in the organism and its possible use in diabetes and obesity treatment

“…Several studies conducted in laboratory animals with experimentally-induced diabetes, demonstrated that supplementation with chromium ions (III) decreased glucose concentration in the blood, reduced the probability of atherosclerosis and heart attack, as well as lowered cholesterol and low density lipoprotein -LDL [70,71,72]. It has been suggested [73,74,75] that Cr concentration increases phosphorylation of enzymes associated with the postreceptor insulin signaling: IR, IRS1, GDP and PKCζ (p-IRTyr, p-IRS1Tyr, p-PKBSer, p-PKCζThr).…”

“…There are also several publications describing a positive role of Cr in the reduction of lipids content and body mass in obese humans and animals [70,83,84]. However, other studies showed lack of Cr protective function in metabolic syndrome observed for obese but non-diabetic adults [85].…”

Effect of dietary organic selenium on fatty acid composition in nutria (Myocastor coypus Mol.) livers

“…Therefore, one plausible explanation of the substantial decrease in FA concentrations in livers of SeY supplemented nutrias may be the upregulation of CPT1, with increased activity of PPARα 19. In addition, a study on rat lymphocytes showed that dietary Se addition was effective for improving β‐oxidation, with a significant increase in diabetic cells; however data on the FA degradation rate in non‐treated animals is lacking 20.…”

Efficiency of fatty acid accumulation into breast muscles of chickens fed diets with lycopene, fish oil and different chemical selenium forms

“…Thus, we argue that the substantial decrease in the concentrations of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in thigh muscle of SeY supplemented chickens may be the upregulation of CPT1, with increased activity of PPARa (Goto et al, 2011). In addition, a study on laboratory animal lymphocytes showed that dietary Se addition was effective for improving β-oxidation (Kuryl et al, 2008). In line with the above, we found that dietary extra SeY also significantly reduced the concentrations of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in breast muscles of female and male chickens compared with the control birds (Rozbicka-Wieczorek et al, 2012).…”