The effect of microwave power level and post-synthesis annealing treatment on oxygen-based functional groups present on carbon quantum dots

Farsi, Basim Al; Sofin, R. G. S.; Shidhani, Hamood Al; El-Shafey, E.I.; Al-Hosni, Abdullah S.; Marzouqi, Faisal Al; Issac, Abey; Nabhani, Abdulrahman Al; Abou‐Zied, Osama K.

doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2022.119326

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Thermal annealing mainly refers to the prolonged high temperature exposure and subsequent slow cooling of materials and can be categorized as complete, incomplete and stress removal, diffusion, spheroidization, and recrystallization annealings. , Thermal annealing mainly reduces the hardness and improves the cutting workability of materials, reduces residual stress, stabilizes the material size, reduces deformation and cracking, refines grains, adjusts microstructures, and eliminates microstructural defects …”

Section: Methods For Synthesizing 0d Cnmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging

Yang,

Xu,

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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Advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest and play key roles in scientific innovations in diverse fields. In particular, increased attention has been focused on carbon-based nanomaterials exhibiting diverse extended structures and unique properties. Among these materials, zero-dimensional structures, including fullerenes, carbon nano-onions, carbon nanodiamonds, and carbon dots, possess excellent bioaffinities and superior fluorescence properties that make these structures suitable for application to environmental and biological sensing, imaging, and therapeutics. This review provides a systematic overview of the classification and structural properties, design principles and preparation methods, and optical properties and sensing applications of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials. Recent interesting breakthroughs in the sensitive and selective sensing and imaging of heavy metal pollutants, hazardous substances, and bioactive molecules as well as applications in information encryption, super-resolution and photoacoustic imaging, and phototherapy and nanomedicine delivery are the main focus of this review. Finally, future challenges and prospects of these materials are highlighted and envisaged. This review presents a comprehensive basis and directions for designing, developing, and applying fascinating fluorescent sensors fabricated based on zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials for specific requirements in numerous research fields.

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Section: Methods For Synthesizing 0d Cnmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…194,195 Thermal annealing mainly reduces the hardness and improves the cutting workability of materials, reduces residual stress, stabilizes the material size, reduces deformation and cracking, refines grains, adjusts microstructures, and eliminates microstructural defects. 196 3.4.5.5. Other Methods.…”

Section: Preparation and Design Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging

Yang,

Xu,

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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“…[19]. Furthermore, elevating the heating power will boost the density of functional groups on the surface of CDs [21][22].…”

Section: Conductivity Evaluation Of Gold Nanoparticles On As-synthesi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions using Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Dots Extracted from Curry Leaves

Nur Syakimah Ismail,

Aidil Safiy Kamarul Ariffin,

Nurul Izzati Akmal Mohd Azman

et al. 2024

IJNeaM

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Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted attention due to their versatility in electronic and optical properties based on precursor and type of synthesis process. Recently, many researchers have focused on using natural resources or wastes to form CDs. Four samples of CDs have been synthesized from curry leaves using a microwave-assisted approach at heating powers of 700 and 800 V with durations of 5 and 8 minutes. UV-Vis and FTIR spectra reveal the existence of carbon graphitic elements with carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups on the surfaces of CDs. CVs of AuNPs/CDs/GS electrodes in ferricyanide disclosed that as-synthesized CDs produced using a lower heating power of 700 W exhibit pronounced electrocatalytic activity with sluggish electron transfer kinetics. Conversely, as-synthesized CDs created with a higher heating power of 800 W demonstrate reduced electrocatalytic activity but rapid electron transfer kinetics. Electrochemical detection of Pb2+ ions was observed through a sharp peak around -0.42 to -0.438 V, while detection of Hg2+ ions was observed through two anodic peaks around +0.334 to +0.408 V during a forward scan in acetate buffer (pH 4.5) on AuNPs/CDs/GS electrodes when tested individually. These distinct peaks also appeared in mixture solutions, with a slight reduction in peak current density that suggests the selectivity of the AuNPs/CDs/GS electrodes towards Pb2+ and Hg2+ ion detection. The optimum AuNPs/CDs/GS electrode for sensitive and selective detection of Pb2+ and Hg2+ was recorded using CDs D as a functional supporting matrix for AuNPs that was synthesized using a heating power of 800 W for 8 minutes.

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“…Due to the outstanding physicochemical, optical, and biological characteristics, carbon dots have had widespread attention from several important sectors such as sensor/biosensor, catalysis, biomedical, wastewater purification, optoelectronic device, and anti-counterfeiting issues [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Several methods have been proposed for synthesizing carbon dots such as microwave heating, laser ablation, arc-discharge, electrochemical oxidation, plasma treatments, combustion/thermal pyrolysis, solvothermal heating, and hydrothermal carbonization methods [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Compared with other methods, the hydrothermal carbonization route with natural precursors shows significant advantages such as a simple setup, being green/clean and environmentally friendly, and a cost-effective design [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots Obtained from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chebulic Myrobalan and Their Sensing Ability toward Heavy Metal Ions

Atchudan

Perumal

Edison

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Chebulic Myrobalan is the main ingredient in the Ayurvedic formulation Triphala, which is used for kidney and liver dysfunctions. Herein, natural nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NN-CDs) were prepared from the hydrothermal carbonization of Chebulic Myrobalan and were demonstrated to sense heavy metal ions in an aqueous medium. Briefly, the NN-CDs were developed from Chebulic Myrobalan by a single-step hydrothermal carbonization approach under a mild temperature (200 °C) without any capping and passivation agents. They were then thoroughly characterized to confirm their structural and optical properties. The resulting NN-CDs had small particles (average diameter: 2.5 ± 0.5 nm) with a narrow size distribution (1–4 nm) and a relatable degree of graphitization. They possessed bright and durable fluorescence with excitation-dependent emission behaviors. Further, the as-synthesized NN-CDs were a good fluorometric sensor for the detection of heavy metal ions in an aqueous medium. The NN-CDs showed sensitive and selective sensing platforms for Fe3+ ions; the detection limit was calculated to be 0.86 μM in the dynamic range of 5–25 μM of the ferric (Fe3+) ion concentration. Moreover, these NN-CDs could expand their application as a potential candidate for biomedical applications and offer a new method of hydrothermally carbonizing waste biomass.

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The effect of microwave power level and post-synthesis annealing treatment on oxygen-based functional groups present on carbon quantum dots

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging

Zero-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials for Fluorescent Sensing and Imaging

Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions using Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Dots Extracted from Curry Leaves

Natural Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots Obtained from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chebulic Myrobalan and Their Sensing Ability toward Heavy Metal Ions

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