The Effect of Migration to the United States on Substance Use Disorders Among Returned Mexican Migrants and Families of Migrants

Borges, Guilherme; Medina‐Mora, María Elena; Breslau, Joshua; Aguilar‐Gaxiola, Sergio

doi:10.2105/ajph.2006.097915

Cited by 76 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Borges, Medina-Mora, Breslau, and Aguilar-Gaxiola (2007) analysis of the 2001-2002 Mexican National Comorbidity Survey indicates a lower prevalence of methamphetamine/cocaine use among migrants than in our study. Persons with a history of labor migration to the United States had a prevalence of lifetime use (ever) of 10.0% for cocaine and 6.4% for other drugs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Methamphetamine and Cocaine Use among Mexican Migrants in California: The California-Mexico Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot

Hernández¹,

Sanchez²,

Ayala³

et al. 2009

AIDS Education and Prevention

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Methamphetamine and cocaine use have been associated with a vulnerability to HIV infection among men who have sex with men and among men who have sex with women but not specifically among Mexican migrants in the United States. The California-Mexico Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot was a venue-based targeted survey of male and female Mexican migrants living in rural and urban areas in California. Among men (n = 985), the percentage of methamphetamine/cocaine use in the past year was 21% overall, 20% in male work venues, 19% in community venues, and 25% in high-risk behavior venues. Among women, 17% reported methamphetamine/cocaine use in high-risk behavior venues. Among men, methamphetamine/cocaine use was significantly associated with age less than 35 years, having multiple sex partners, depressive symptoms, alcohol use, sexually

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Methamphetamine and Cocaine Use among Mexican Migrants in California: The California-Mexico Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot

Hernández¹,

Sanchez²,

Ayala³

et al. 2009

AIDS Education and Prevention

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“…30 In addition, injection drug use and risk behaviors have been reported to be more prevalent among Hispanics of Puerto Rican decent, particularly among those born in Puerto Rico, than among Hispanics with origins in Mexico and other countries. [31][32][33] Conversely, risk reduction practices have been found to be more frequently reported among Hispanic IDUs of US or Puerto Rican origin than among Hispanics of Mexican origin (particularly those residing in border areas) or other national origin. 31,34 Comparing trends in drug use and HIV among Hispanic subgroups in the USA is complicated by the dearth of health data with detailed information regarding national origin and by the large number and diversity of national origin subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of the Population Prevalence of Injection Drug Users among Hispanic Residents of Large US Metropolitan Areas

et al. 2012

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Little information exists on the population prevalence or geographic distribution of injection drug users (IDUs) who are Hispanic in the USA. Here, we present yearly estimates of IDU population prevalence among Hispanic residents of the 96 most populated US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) for 1992-2002. First, yearly estimates of the proportion of IDUs who were Hispanic in each MSA were created by combining data on (1) IDUs receiving drug treatment services in Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)'s Treatment Entry Data System, (2) IDUs being tested in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV-Counseling and Testing System, and (3) incident AIDS diagnoses among IDUs, supplemented by (4) data on IDUs who were living with AIDS. Then, the resulting proportions were multiplied by published yearly estimates of the number of IDUs of all racial/ethnic groups in each MSA to produce Hispanic IDU population estimates. These were divided by Hispanic population data to produce population prevalence rates. Time trends were tested using mixed-effects regression models. Hispanic IDU prevalence declined significantly on average (1992 mean=192, median=133; 2002 mean=144, median=93; units are per 10,000 Hispanics aged 15-64). The highest prevalence rates across time tended to be in smaller northeastern MSAs. Comparing the last three study years to the first three, prevalence decreased in 82% of MSAs and increased in 18%. Comparisons with data on drug-related mortality and hepatitis C mortality supported the validity of the estimates. Generally, estimates of Hispanic IDU population prevalence were higher than published estimates for non-Hispanic White residents and lower than published estimates for non-Hispanic Black residents. Hispanics infected with HIV are twice as likely as non-Hispanic Whites to be diagnosed late in the course of their infection.3 Hispanic IDUs may be less likely to utilize HIV prevention services, or services for drug users, than non-Hispanics due to greater concern about stigma regarding drug use, HIV/AIDS, or the association between HIV/AIDS and homosexuality. [4][5][6][7] Research on Hispanic IDUs is hampered by the lack of information on their number and geographic location over time. Such information could be used to better target HIV and hepatitis C prevention programs among Hispanic IDUs and to compare trends in injection drug use, HIV, and hepatitis C across racial/ethnic groups. Data on overall IDU prevalence and on IDU prevalence among nonHispanic White and non-Hispanic Black residents aged 15-64 of the 96 largest US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) have been published for the 1992-2002 period.8,9The current study fills a crucial gap by providing estimates of IDU population prevalence among Hispanic residents aged 15-64 in the same set of MSAs during the same time period. To extend the analysis to more recent years, we also examine change in the estimated proportion of IDUs who were Hispanic from 2002 to 2007. METHODSWe use the term ...

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“…Similar to the present study, Sundaram and his colleagues, 1984, also reported higher association of alcohol use with religion (higher in Hindus), marital status (higher in married participants), although higher association among illiterates and people employed in agriculture were not reproduced in the present study. Importantly, only four drug users (3.9% of the population) had a history of migration, which is considered a risk factor for drug use behaviour (Borges, Medina-Mora, Breslau, & Aguilar-Gaxiola, 2007). This may imply that high prevalence of drug use behaviour could be embedded in the cultural practices of this region, which is further justified by a lower prevalence of opioid use and newer drugs, like inhalant use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of substance use in a rural community in Sikkim, North East India: Results from a pilot population survey

Goel

Chakrabarti

2010

Journal of Substance Use

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Introduction: Sikkim, a province in North East India, inhabited by indigenous population of Lepchas, Bhutias, and Nepalis, lies in the foothills of the Himalayas sharing borders with Tibet, Nepal, and Bhutan. Information on epidemiology of substance use in Sikkim is not available. Objectives: To quantify prevalence and nature of substance use. Design: Single, cross-sectional, pilot, community-based survey. Method: This pilot survey was conducted in a rural community setting in East Sikkim with a household of 118. Results: Prevalence of substance use has been 76.7% (only alcohol 55.3%, cannabis 13.6%, opioid 5.8%). Most drug users belonged to 15-44 years age group with 74.6% having onset in the 15-20 years age range, but only 3.9% had a history of migration. Knowledge about AIDS was significantly low at 36.7% compared with the non-drug using population (62.5%). Conclusions: Alcohol use is higher than national prevalence rates requiring targeted intervention.

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The Effect of Migration to the United States on Substance Use Disorders Among Returned Mexican Migrants and Families of Migrants

Abstract: Objectives-We examined the association between substance use disorders and migration to the United States in a nationally representative sample of the Mexican population.

Cited by 76 publications

References 18 publications

Methamphetamine and Cocaine Use among Mexican Migrants in California: The California-Mexico Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot

Methamphetamine and Cocaine Use among Mexican Migrants in California: The California-Mexico Epidemiological Surveillance Pilot

Estimates of the Population Prevalence of Injection Drug Users among Hispanic Residents of Large US Metropolitan Areas

Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of substance use in a rural community in Sikkim, North East India: Results from a pilot population survey

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