The Effect of Mother’s Lullaby on Preterm Infants’ Physiological Parameters

Abstract

Inappropriate auditory stimulants lead to neonatal stress and changes in physiological parameters. Nowadays, particular emphasis is placed on the developmental aspects of the care of preterm infants. The lullaby is a suitable auditory stimulus for preterm infants, which as a subtype of developmental care decreases stress responses. This study investigates the effects of lullabies in the mothers' own voices on preterm infants' physiological parameters. Materials and Methods:This single group study is a randomized clinical trial. Forty study-qualified hospitalized infants were included in the study, during a lullaby stage and a non-lullaby stage. Their physiological parameters including respiratory rate, heart rate and oxygen saturation level were recorded. Their mothers' lullabies were played for them during the lullaby stage. No intervention was performed in the non-lullaby stage and only the infants' variables were recorded. Infants were assessed for four successive days, two days for each stage. Data was collected and recorded every 2 minute. Data was statistically analysed after gathering and entering into the SPSS.22 by means of Friedman's and paired sample t-test.Results: In this study of 40 case studies, 45% were female and 55% were male, with an average gestational age of new-borns of 32.43 weeks and mean birth weight of 2,189.36 gr. In the intervention group, during the time that the lullaby was played, mean rates of heart beat were significantly decreased (p=0.03) and SaO 2 was increased (p=0.039), which were significantly different from their base recorded levels at the beginning and those of the control stage, but there was no significant difference between two stages in the mean of respiratory rates (p=0.070). Conclusion:Since a mother's lullaby has significant effects on physiological parameters, we hope that nurses will tell mothers to use the lullaby as a supportive developmental care for infants to assist improving the physiological state of preterm new-borns.

Clinical benefits of music‐based interventions on preterm infants' health: A systematic review of randomised trials

“…Previous research has already evidenced that these interventions have a beneficial effect on PTI's brain development, mainly in the improvement of emotional regulation capabilities 14 . However, in the current review, conflicting results were found for outcomes such as HR, RR, satO2, BP, weight gain, circadian rhythm, feeding behaviour or rate and behavioural states 29,32‐34,37,39,40,46,49,51‐55 …”

“…Discrepancies were resolved by discussion and consensus. The overall results showed that 27 RCTs had a low (69.2%), 17‐43 7 had a moderate (17.9%) 44‐50 and 5 had a high (12.8%) risk of bias 51‐55 …”

“…Regarding the type of music selected (Table 1 and Table 2), the majority of studies ( n = 26, 66.7%) used lullaby‐style interventions (soothing sounds; repetitive patterns of rhythm; and slower pitch and tempo, with only vocal, musical instruments or both), 17‐22,24,26,30‐33,35,37,39,40,42,43,45,46,50‐55 such as Brahms lullaby ( n = 5, 12.82%) 17,18,22,31,39 and cultural lullabies (specific to the country or language) ( n = 8, 20.51%) 22,26,28,31,32,37,40,51 23,44,47‐49 .…”

“…In turn, in music medicine studies, which were the majority for this outcome, a substantial number of trials did not report significant effects in relation to oxygen saturation, weight gain, circadian rhythm and eating behaviour 29,32‐34,37,39,40,46,49,51‐55 . However, other studies have shown statistically significant results on these outcomes and have also reported improvements in sleep patterns, energy expenditure, neuromotor development, and respiratory and cardiac function 29,31‐34,37‐39,41,42,45‐51,53,55 7 .…”

“…The overall results showed that 27 RCTs had a low (69.2%), 7 had a moderate (17.9%) [44][45][46][47][48][49][50] and 5 had a high (12.8%) risk of bias. [51][52][53][54][55]…”