The effect of motivating operations on the transfer from tacts to mands for children diagnosed with autism

Kooistra, Elizabeth T.; Buchmeier, Amanda L.; Klatt, Kevin P.

doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.03.010

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These results suggest that relative reinforcer value, as estimated via preference assessments, may help predict if access to a particular stimulus is likely to maintain the corresponding mand over time. The current results also extend this previous research by demonstrating the importance of manipulating the MO (Kooistra et al, 2012). The results of our study suggest that, for Darren, deprivation of the stimuli may have had an evocative effect on mands for the HP stimulus whereas satiation may have had an abolishing effect.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…access to the item contingent upon mands may have contributed to maintenance of the mands (Kooistra et al, 2012). Although this is possible given the differential pattern of responding observed across conditions, it is more likely that deprivation had an evocative effect on mands for the HP stimulus whereas satiation had an abolishing effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this may be unlikely given that Darren independently tacted during 100% of the trials during the last several tact training sessions and that independent tacting persisted during the pre-session tact trials of the mand test. Future researchers might evaluate tact training procedures that would further mitigate this concern (e.g., Kooistra et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulating Motivating Operations to Facilitate the Emergence of Mands for a Child With Autism

Davis

Kahng

Coryat

2012

Analysis Verbal Behav

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Research on the functional independence of verbal operants (Skinner, 1957) has demonstrated inconsistent findings. One explanation may be that these studies have not manipulated the motivating operation (MO) to facilitate the emergence of mands (Hall & Sundberg, 1987; Lamarre & Holland, 1985). In the current study, 1 participant, diagnosed with autism, was taught to tact high-preference and low-preference leisure items, and emergence of mands was tested under varying MO conditions. Results showed the emergence of mands following periods of arranged deprivation, and greater maintenance for a highly preferred relative to a less preferred stimulus. However, mands only emerged when presession tact trials were conducted. These results suggest that in a state of deprivation, transfer of stimulus control from discriminative to motivational conditions may occur without direct training.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulating Motivating Operations to Facilitate the Emergence of Mands for a Child With Autism

Davis

Kahng

Coryat

2012

Analysis Verbal Behav

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“…The present data add empirical support for Skinner's (1957) conceptualization of human language, as well as some initial yet limited utility of the PEAK curriculum (Dixon, 2014b) to teach verbal behavior to persons with autism. Prior research has recently documented technologies in which clinicians can teach ever more complex verbal operants such as generalized mands (Falcomata, Wacker, Ringdahl, Vinquist, & Dutt, 2013), mand relations (Betz et al, 2011), informational mands (Lechago, Howell, Caccavale, & Peterson, 2013;Shillingsburg, Bowen, Valentino, & Pierce, 2014), tacts (Marchese, Carr, LeBlanc, Rosati, & Conroy, 2012), novel intraverbals and dictation (Greer, Yuan, & Gautreaux, 2005), and cross-operant transfers of responding (Ingvarsson, Cammilleri, & Macias, 2012;Kooistra, Buchmeier, & Klatt, 2012;May, Hawkins, & Dymond, 2013;Miguel & Kobari-Wright, 2013). In an era of continued criticism that behavioral interpretations of language are inadequate for explaining complex language, it appears that subsequent investigations that explore the extensive opportunities that Skinner's analysis affords our field will weaken the position of disbelief.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching complex verbal operants to children with autism and establishing generalization using the peak curriculum

Dixon¹,

Peach²,

Daar³

et al. 2017

J of App Behav Analysis

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The present study evaluated the feasibility of the PEAK Relational Training System's Generalization Module (Dixon, 2014b) to teach and establish generalization of autoclitic mands, distorted tacts, and creative path finding in three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Using a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, each participant was provided with differential reinforcement and a least-to-most prompting hierarchy for correct responses to a subset of stimuli, and responses to other similar stimulus sets were probed for emergent generalization. Following training, each participant successfully acquired the directly trained behaviors and demonstrated generalization to the nonreinforced test exemplars. These data support the utility of Skinner's (1957) analysis to teach complex forms of verbal operants, and suggest that a manualized curriculum such as PEAK may have utility for promoting skill development and generalization for front line staff and caregivers of children with autism.

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“…Power and Hughes (2011) found that following training to tact HP and LP stimulus properties (e.g., "brown chocolate" vs. "white chocolate"), mands occurred for the HP but not for the LP properties. Kooistra et al (2012) taught tacts only for HP stimuli, but manipulated satiation and deprivation levels for the stimuli during mand probes. Mands occurred primarily in the deprivation condition.…”

Section: Stimulus Preference and Eo Presence In Mand Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functional Independence of Mands and Tacts: Has It Been Demonstrated Empirically?

Gamba

Goyos

Pétursdóttir

2014

Analysis Verbal Behav

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Recently, there has been a proliferation of research on the functional independence of two of Skinner's (1957) verbal operants, the mand, and the tact. This research has produced highly variable results. In this article, we provide a critical review of the literature on mand-tact independence, a literature that has implications for both theory and practice. Included in the review are 17 studies with a total of 66 participants who were tested for mand emergence following tact training, tact emergence following mand training, or both, and 11 additional studies that systematically manipulated variables expected to affect the outcomes of such tests. A primary finding is that most studies to date suffer from problems with construct validity. However, it may be justifiable to conclude that the literature provides at least weak support for the functional independence of mands and tacts. Future investigators should avoid the major construct validity pitfalls described in this article, describe participant characteristics more thoroughly, and consider alternative approaches to studying mand-tact independence.

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The effect of motivating operations on the transfer from tacts to mands for children diagnosed with autism

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Manipulating Motivating Operations to Facilitate the Emergence of Mands for a Child With Autism

Manipulating Motivating Operations to Facilitate the Emergence of Mands for a Child With Autism

Teaching complex verbal operants to children with autism and establishing generalization using the peak curriculum

The Functional Independence of Mands and Tacts: Has It Been Demonstrated Empirically?

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