The effect of nano-sized calcium carbonate on thermodynamic parameters of HDPE

Sahebian, Samaneh; Zebarjad, Seyed Mojtaba; Khaki, Jalil Vahdati; Sajjadi, Seyed Abdolkarim

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.03.066

Cited by 85 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is clear that the flexibility of chains is decreased in presence of NCC and leads to enhancement of the melting temperature. However, addition of NCCs decrease the apparent enthalpy of fusion (DH m ) of PEX which leads to reduction of crystal domains and subsequently the reduction of the melting temperature [26]. Therefore, the melting temperature is affected by two conflicting effects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it seems the reduction of crystallinity of PEX1 and its low filler content as compared with PEX5 and PEX10 is the reason for larger C p of PEX1. Entropy (S T ) of PEX and its nanocomposites can be calculated by the following equation [26]:…”

Section: L5mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the mentioned results, it is expected that presence of NCC leads to promote the crystallinity index but based on the above melting endotherm results, the crystallinity of PEX reduces by addition of NCC. Solidification time of samples, which are listed in Table 4, can be calculated according to the following formula [26]:…”

Section: L5mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization, melting, and mechanical behavior of calcium carbonate‐based nanocomposites of crosslinked high density polyethylene

2016

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In this work, novel nanocomposites of silane crosslinked high density polyethylene (PEX) and nano-sized calcium carbonate (NCC) were prepared using a labscale corotating twin screw extruder. Thermal analysis, which was carried out through differential scanning calorimetry demonstrates reduction of crystallinity index and specific heat capacity of PEX by adding NCC content, while an ascending trend was observed for crystallization rate and no important change was found for growth dimension of the crystalline lamellaes. The results of mechanical analysis show enhancement of tensile modulus compared to neat PEX by adding 10 wt% of NCCs which is attributed to good matrix/ filler adhesion. On the other hand, yield tensile strength showed inverse trend while elongation at break increased gradually by adding filler up to 5 wt% NCCs and then decreased at higher filler contents due to agglomeration of NCC particles. The Counto model was used to predict the tensile modulus of nanocomposites, successfully. POLYM. COMPOS., 00:000-000, 2016.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: L5mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystallization, melting, and mechanical behavior of calcium carbonate‐based nanocomposites of crosslinked high density polyethylene

2016

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“…The percent of crystallinity (Xc) was determined from the enthalpy of crystallization of HDPE, Equation 1, using a value of H= 293J/g for HDPE 100% [19] crystalline and the enthalpy values were corrected for HDPE weight present in the nanocomposite.…”

Section: Characterization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mixing methods on the properties of high density polyethylene nanocomposites with different carbon nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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In this paper, nanocomposites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or graphene nanosheets were prepared using a high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. Two different processes were employed: a solution method and a melt mixing method. The crystallinity index of the HDPE showed similar levels in nanocomposites after the addition of carbon nanotubes. It can be seen that the preparation process modified the degree of crystallinity of the HDPE matrix with graphene nanosheets. Nanocomposites prepared by the solution method showed a decrease in the crystallinity index. The addition of carbon nanotubes led to an increase of Young´s Modulus with an increase in the MWCNT quantity, regardless of the preparation process used, with a 22.8 % increase for composites with 0.5 wt% of CNTs. The nanocomposites with graphene nanosheets exhibited a different behavior with each mixing method. Nanocomposites prepared by the solution method showed a higher Young´s Modulus than those prepared by melt mixing. Results of transmission electronic microscopy and field emission scanning electronic microscopy indicated homogeneous dispersion for carbon nanotubes in melt mixing. Graphene nanocomposites showed some agglomerates, with smaller platelets in the nanocomposites prepared by solution mixing compared to that prepared by the melt mixing.

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“…Calcium carbonate, CaCO 3 based fillers have been widely used in nanocomposites study because of their availability in readily usable form and inexpensive. Calcium carbonate is one of the most abundant minerals in the earth [4,5]. As nanofiller in nanocomposites application, the CaCO 3 particles could have an ultimate size of 50-100 nm, a specific surface area of 15-25 m 2 /g and very low aspect ratio [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy, thermal, viscoelastic and mechanical properties of HDPE/CaCO3 nanocomposites

et al. 2012

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High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) nanocomposites were prepared from masterbatch by melt blending in twin screw extruder (TSE). The physical properties of HDPE/CaCO 3 nanocomposites samples (0, 10 and 20 wt% CaCO 3 masterbatch) were investigated. The morphology, thermal, rheological/ viscoelastic and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by Atomic Force microscopy (AFM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) as well as tensile test. The AFM images showed homogeneous dispersion and distribution of nano-CaCO 3 in the HDPE matrix. The DSC analysis showed a decrease in crystallinity of HDPE/CaCO 3 nanocomposites with the increase of CaCO 3 loading. This was due to the presence of nanofiller which could restrict the movement of the polymer chain segments and reduced the free volume/spaces available to be occupied by the macromolecules, thus, hindered the crystal growth. However, there was an increase in crystallization temperature about 1-2°C with the addition of CaCO 3 . It was suggested that the CaCO 3 nanoparticles acted as nucleating agent. In melt rheology study, the complex viscosities of HDPE/CaCO 3 nanocomposites were higher than the HDPE matrix and increased with the increasing of CaCO 3 masterbatch loading. The DMA results showed that the storage modulus increased with the increasing of nano-CaCO 3 contents. The improvement was more than 40 %, as compared to that of neat HDPE. Additionally, the tensile test results showed that with the addition of CaCO 3 masterbatch, modulus elasticity of nanocomposites sample increased while yield stress decreased.

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The effect of nano-sized calcium carbonate on thermodynamic parameters of HDPE

Cited by 85 publications

References 18 publications

Crystallization, melting, and mechanical behavior of calcium carbonate‐based nanocomposites of crosslinked high density polyethylene

Crystallization, melting, and mechanical behavior of calcium carbonate‐based nanocomposites of crosslinked high density polyethylene

Influence of mixing methods on the properties of high density polyethylene nanocomposites with different carbon nanoparticles

Atomic Force Microscopy, thermal, viscoelastic and mechanical properties of HDPE/CaCO3 nanocomposites

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