The effect of natural fibres template on the chemical and structural properties of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate scaffold

Abstract

Porous biphasic bioceramics that contain hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate were synthesized in this study using luffa cylindrical fibres (LCF) as the template. In addition to improving the pore structure, using this template led to a chemical coating of the pores´ internal surfaces by important minerals such as magnesium and phosphorous from the LCF residue. Evaluation of our preliminary results suggests promising applications in bone tissue engineering. The synthesized porous bioceramics were characterized in view of their microstructural, physical, and in vitro features. They showed a trimodal pore system comprising a nano-pore network, smaller macropore with diameters of 5 to 100 μm, and cylindrical macropores with diameters from 100 to 400 μm; and 75% of interconnected porosity was confirmed by Mercury intrusion porosimetry and SEM images. Enhanced cell adhesion of the internal pore surfaces generated long and extended cells inside the macropores. SEM images show how the cells adhered to bioceramic surfaces and developed cytoplasmic extensions. Their proliferation in vitro demonstrates that the scaffold architecture and mineral composition are suitable for mesenchymal stem cell seeding and growth.

Microstructural characteristics and long‐term stability of wollastonite‐based chemically bonded phosphate ceramics

“…Calcium phosphate ceramics and cements were originally developed for biomedical applications 3‐8 . An abstract about this type of cement was published in 1983 9 .…”

Effects of the full-scale substitution of strontium for calcium on the microstructure of brushite: (CaxSr1–x)HPO4.nH2O system

“…They are commonly used as substitutes in bones because their biochemical properties make them suitable for medical applications (Alshaaer et al, 2017;Neves et al, 2017;Radwan et al, 2020) and they are chemically and structurally similar to the mineral phase of bone tissues. Different phases of CaPs serve as precursors in the preparation of biocements and bioceramics, showing potential in the field of advanced materials research and technology (Alshaaer et al, 2013(Alshaaer et al, , 2017(Alshaaer et al, , 2020. In general, they show low toxicity, high bioactivity and good biocompatibility.…”

Effect of Ca2+ Replacement with Cu2+ Ions in Brushite on the Phase Composition and Crystal Structure

“…The substitution and doping of Ca 2+ with Cu 2+ in CaPs has been previously investigated [26]. A partial substitution of Ca 2+ by Cu 2+ in bioceramics and bone cements may enhance cell growth and proliferation as well as decrease bone resorption and contribute to sustainable bone formation [4,[26][27][28].…”