The effect of nodal connectivity and strut density within stochastic titanium scaffolds on osteogenesis

Kechagias, Stylianos; Theodoridis, Konstantinos; Broomfield, Joseph; Malpartida-Cardenas, Kenny; Reid, Ruth; Georgiou, Pantelis; van Arkel, Richard J.; Jeffers, Jonathan R. T.

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1305936

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 87 publications

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“…Three-dimensional (3D) printed porous titanium scaffold exhibits a low elastic modulus, thereby effectively mitigating biomechanical failure resulting from the stress shielding effect [2]. Furthermore, its 3D pore architecture promotes the growth of bone tissue [3]. Selective laser melting (SLM) technology represents the primary method utilized for metal 3D printing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating mechanical properties of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Yang,

Qin,

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Objective:Three-dimensional (3D) printed porous titanium scaffolds serve as a bone tissue engineering technology that offers a promising solution for addressing bone defects. The scaffold's pore structure offers structural support and facilitates the proliferation of bone cells. Therefore, investigating the aperture and pore shape is of crucial for the development of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds.Methods:Ti6Al4V scaffolds with the specified structure were fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. The scaffolds comprised fifteen cylindrical models measuring 20 mm in diameter and 20 mm in height. These models featured five scaffold shapes: imitation diamond-60°, imitation diamond-90°, imitation diamond-120°, regular tetrahedron and regular hexahedron. Each of these structural shapes was characterized by three different aperture sizes (400 μm, 600 μm and 800 μm). The porosity and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V scaffolds were examined.Results:The measured porosity of Ti6Al4V scaffolds varied between 56.50% and 95.28%. The porosity increased with the size of the aperture. The mechanical properties tests revealed that, for identical apertures, the compressive strength and torsional strength were influenced by the configuration of the unit structure. Furthermore, the positive and lateral compressive strength as well as torsional strength of various unit structures exhibited distinct advantages and disadvantages. Within a uniform unit structure shape, the compressive strength and torsional strength were found to be correlated with the size of apertures, indicating that larger apertures result in decreased compressive and torsional strength.Conclusion:The configuration of the aperture and the shape of the pore were identified as significant factors that influenced the compressive strength. The compressive strength of Ti6Al4V scaffolds with various unit structure shapes exhibited both advantages and disadvantages when subjected to positive, lateral, and torsional forces. The enlarged aperture augmented the scaffold's porosity while diminishing its compressive and torsional strength.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating mechanical properties of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Yang,

Qin,

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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Characterization of a Novel Col1a1G643S/+ Osteogenesis Imperfecta Mouse Model with Insights into Skeletal Phenotype, Fragility, and Therapeutic Evaluations

Saitou,

Ohata,

Takeyari

et al. 2025

Calcif Tissue Int

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Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inheritable skeletal disorder characterized by bone fragility often caused by pathogenic variants in the COL1A1 gene. Current OI mouse models with a glycine substitution in Col1a1 exhibit excessive severity, thereby limiting long-term pathophysiological analysis and drug effect assessments. To address this limitation, we constructed a novel OI mouse model mimicking a patient with OI type III. This was achieved by introducing a G-to-A transversion at nucleotide position 2428 in the Col1a1 gene via CRISPR-Cas9 technology in C57BL/6 J mice. The resulting heterozygous variant mice (Col1a1G643S/+) displayed reduced body weight and pronounced skeletal abnormalities. Micro-CT analysis at 12 weeks revealed decreased vertebral bone parameters and altered cortical bone characteristics, indicative of bone fragility. Additionally, the abnormalities of the anisotropy, complexity, connectivity, and structure of trabecular bone were revealed. A three-point bending test confirmed the fragility, with reduced displacement and fracture energy in both sexes. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of 4-phenylbutyric acid on the bone in Col1a1G643S/+ mice at 12 weeks, observing no significant effects, likely due to the absence of collagen retention in the ER in this model. Despite being a moderate OI model, Col1a1G643S/+ mice manifest a distinct and fragile bone phenotype, making them suitable for extended studies. This model offers a valuable platform for investigating long-term pathophysiological aspects of OI and assessing the efficacy of potential therapeutic interventions.

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A Systematic Review on the Generation of Organic Structures through Additive Manufacturing Techniques

Bernadi-Forteza,

Mallon,

Velasco-Gallego

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a transformative technology in the fabrication of intricate structures, offering unparalleled adaptability in crafting complex geometries. Particularly noteworthy is its burgeoning significance within the realm of medical prosthetics, owing to its capacity to seamlessly replicate anatomical forms utilizing biocompatible materials. Notably, the fabrication of porous architectures stands as a cornerstone in orthopaedic prosthetic development and bone tissue engineering. Porous constructs crafted via AM exhibit meticulously adjustable pore dimensions, shapes, and porosity levels, thus rendering AM indispensable in their production. This systematic review ventures to furnish a comprehensive examination of extant research endeavours centred on the generation of porous scaffolds through additive manufacturing modalities. Its primary aim is to delineate variances among distinct techniques, materials, and structural typologies employed, with the overarching objective of scrutinizing the cutting-edge methodologies in engineering self-supported stochastic printable porous frameworks via AM, specifically for bone scaffold fabrication. Findings show that most of the structures analysed correspond to lattice structures. However, there is a strong tendency to use organic structures generated by mathematical models and printed using powder bed fusion techniques. However, no work has been found that proposes a self-supporting design for organic structures.

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The effect of nodal connectivity and strut density within stochastic titanium scaffolds on osteogenesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 87 publications

Investigating mechanical properties of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Investigating mechanical properties of 3D printed porous titanium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Characterization of a Novel Col1a1G643S/+ Osteogenesis Imperfecta Mouse Model with Insights into Skeletal Phenotype, Fragility, and Therapeutic Evaluations

A Systematic Review on the Generation of Organic Structures through Additive Manufacturing Techniques

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